Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

52 questions · 56 findings · 3 reviews

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No studies found 4 · 7.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 50 · 89.3%Low 2 · 3.6%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Back School vs exercise

Work status Not reported · people with low back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Back School vs no treatment

Pain: long‐term · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes pain: long‐term compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 244 participants
Very low

Back School vs no treatment

Disability: short‐term · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes disability: short‐term compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 426 participants
Very low

Back School vs no treatment

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes disability: intermediate‐term compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 181 participants
Very low

Back School vs no treatment

Disability: long‐term · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes disability: long‐term compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 124 participants
Very low

Back School vs no treatment

Work status Not reported · people with low back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Back School vs medical care

Pain: short‐term · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes pain: short‐term compared with medical care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 249 participants
Very low

Back School vs medical care

Pain: intermediate‐term · people with low back pain

It is very uncertain whether back School changes pain: intermediate‐term compared with medical care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 545 participants
Very low

Back School vs combined physical therapies

Pain (short‐term) Pain index1. Scale from: 0 to 70. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Very low

Back School vs joint manipulation

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 59 participants
Very low
Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 54 participants
Very low

Back School vs joint manipulation

Back‐specific functional status · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 59 participants
Very low

Back School vs joint manipulation

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 55 participants
Very low

Back School vs joint manipulation

Adverse events Number of events · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether back school changes adverse events Number of events compared with joint manipulation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.35, 2.94]
1 study · 97 participants
Very low

Back School vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 62 participants
Very low
Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 63 participants
Very low

Back School vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation

Back‐specific functional status · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 62 participants
Very low

Back School vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 62 participants
Very low

Back School vs combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation

Adverse events Number of events · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether back school changes adverse events Number of events compared with combined myofascial therapy and joint manipulation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.34, 2.57]
1 study · 100 participants
Very low

Back School vs combined physical therapies

Duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether back school changes duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days compared with combined physical therapies (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.41, 1.01]
1 study · 116 participants
Very low

Back School vs Community care: advice only

Days of sick‐leave at 1 year · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 56 participants
Very low

Back School vs short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity

Pain (short‐term) Pain index1. Scale from: 0 to 70. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 29 participants
Very low