Cochrane · systematic review · CD011674
Back Schools for chronic non‐specific low back pain
Parreira, P, Heymans, MW, van Tulder, MW, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2017 · Cochrane Library
Back and NeckAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
28
current version
GRADE rated
24
No studies
4
Included studies
NR
No studies 4 · 14.3%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 22 · 78.6%Low 2 · 7.1%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Back School compared with no treatment for low back pain
Population: people with low back pain
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Pain: short‐term Back School vs no treatment | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 647 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Pain: intermediate‐term Back School vs no treatment | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 257 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Pain: long‐term Back School vs no treatment | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 244 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability: short‐term Back School vs no treatment | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 426 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability: intermediate‐term Back School vs no treatment | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 181 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Disability: long‐term Back School vs no treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 124 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Work status Not reported Back School vs no treatment | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Back School compared with medical care for low back pain
Population: people with low back pain
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Pain: short‐term Back School vs medical care | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 249 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Pain: intermediate‐term Back School vs medical care | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 545 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Pain: long‐term Back School vs medical care | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 406 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability: short‐term Back School vs medical care | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 130 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Disability: intermediate‐term Back School vs medical care | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 331 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Disability: long‐term Back School vs medical care | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 201 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Work status Not reported Back School vs medical care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Back School compared with passive physiotherapy for low back pain
Population: people with low back pain.
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
pain: short‐term Back School vs passive physiotherapy | MD 1.96 | 3 studies · 290 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
pain ‐ intermediate‐term Back School vs passive physiotherapy | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 290 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
pain ‐ long‐term Back School vs passive physiotherapy | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 291 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability ‐ short‐term Back School vs passive physiotherapy | MD 2.57 | 2 studies · 180 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability ‐ intermediate‐term Back School vs passive physiotherapy | MD 6.88 | 2 studies · 180 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability ‐ long‐term Back School vs passive physiotherapy | MD 9.6 [3.65, 15.54] | 2 studies · 180 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, publication bias |
Work status Not reported Back School vs passive physiotherapy | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Back School compared with exercise for low back pain
Population: people with low back pain
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Pain: short‐term Back School vs exercise | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 416 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Pain: intermediate‐term Back School vs exercise | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 619 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency, publication bias |
Pain: long‐term Back School vs exercise | MD 4.58 | 3 studies · 461 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability: short‐term Back School vs exercise | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 471 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability: intermediate‐term Back School vs exercise | MD 1.57 | 6 studies · 766 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Disability: long‐term Back School vs exercise | MD 4.54 | 4 studies · 556 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, publication bias |
Work status Not reported Back School vs exercise | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |