Exercise vs other conservative treatment
FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extracted6004 participantsModerate
Findings
What do systematic reviews say?
4,760 questions · 8,065 findings · 1,036 reviews
No studies found 1,686 · 20.9%GRADE not reported 675 · 8.4%Very low 1,953 · 24.2%Low 2,048 · 25.4%Moderate 1,296 · 16.1%High 407 · 5%
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Exercise vs other conservative treatment
*The anticipated absolute effects without exercise come from the range of outcomes at
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- no estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
HFNC vs standard oxygen therapy
Treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV or invasive ventilation) Measured up to 28 days · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC may leads to lower treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV… compared with standard oxygen therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.62 [0.45, 0.86]15 studies · 3044 participantsLow
HFNC vs NIPPV or NIV
Adverse events ‐ pneumonia · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
It is very uncertain whether HFNC changes adverse events Respiratory infection (pneumonia) compared with NIPPV or NIV (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.51 [0.17, 1.52]3 studies · 1750 participantsVery low
HFNC vs NIPPV or NIV
Barotrauma (pneumothorax) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in barotrauma (pneumothorax) compared with NIPPV or NIV (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 1.15 [0.42, 3.14]1 study · 830 participantsLow
HFNC vs NIPPV or NIV
Nasal mucosa or skin trauma · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extractedStudies not reportedNo studies found
HFNC vs NIPPV or NIV
Duration of ICU stay · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted2 studies · 246 participantsLow
HFNC vs NIPPV or NIV
Respiratory effects: PaO2/FiO2 ratio up to 24 hours after initiation of therapy · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted3 studies · 1086 participantsLow
HFNC vs standard oxygen therapy
In‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported in‐hospital mortality, and mortality up to 28 days and up to ICU discharge) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported… compared with standard oxygen therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.96 [0.82, 1.11]11 studies · 2673 participantsModerate
HFNC vs standard oxygen therapy
Adverse events Respiratory infection (pneumonia) Nasal mucosa or skin trauma · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in adverse events Respiratory infection (pneumonia) Nasal mucosa or… compared with standard oxygen therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.72 [0.48, 1.09]4 studies · 1057 participantsModerate
HFNC vs standard oxygen therapy
Duration of ICU stay · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted7 studies · 1014 participantsLow
HFNC vs standard oxygen therapy
Respiratory effects: PaO2/FiO2 ratio up to 24 hours after initiation of therapy · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted5 studies · 600 participantsVery low
HFNC vs NIPPV or NIV
Treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV or invasive ventilation) Measured up to 28 days · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV… compared with NIPPV or NIV (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.98 [0.78, 1.22]5 studies · 1758 participantsLow
HFNC vs NIPPV or NIV
In‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported in‐hospital mortality, and mortality up to 28 days and up to ICU discharge) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported… compared with NIPPV or NIV (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- High‐flow nasal cannulae for respiratory support in adult intensive care patients 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.92 [0.64, 1.31]5 studies · 1758 participantsLow
Summary of findings: integrated community case management vs usual facility services
Any iCCM illness · children U5
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: integrated community case management changes any iCCM illness compared with usual facility services (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Integrated community case management of childhood illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 0.96 [0.77, 1.19]5898 participantsVery low
Summary of findings: integrated community case management vs usual facility services plus CCM
All‐cause mortality · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
- Integrated community case management of childhood illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted4 participantsGRADE not reported
Summary of findings: integrated community case management vs usual facility services plus CCM
Adverse events · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
- Integrated community case management of childhood illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted5 participantsGRADE not reported
Summary of findings: integrated community case management vs usual facility services
Quality of care · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
- Integrated community case management of childhood illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted2 participantsGRADE not reported
Summary of findings: integrated community case management vs usual facility services
All‐cause mortality · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
- Integrated community case management of childhood illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyno estimate extracted4 participantsGRADE not reported
Summary of findings: integrated community case management vs usual facility services
Neonatal mortality · children U5
Summary of findings: integrated community case management showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality rate compared with usual facility services (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Integrated community case management of childhood illness in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyHR 1.01 [0.77, 1.33]65209 participantsLow