Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,751 questions · 12,775 findings · 807 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,413 · 26.7%GRADE not reported 709 · 5.5%Very low 3,483 · 27.3%Low 3,165 · 24.8%Moderate 1,628 · 12.7%High 377 · 3%

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Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

Health‐related quality of life · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 63 participants
Low

Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

Emotional and psychological distress · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

ICU length of stay (days) and healthcare costs · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 100 participants
Low

Voice‐enabling communication aid vs usual care with an aid

Adverse events · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 50 participants
Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

Health‐related quality of life · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

Emotional and psychological distress · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 90 participants
Very low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

Duration of ICU stay · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1500 participants
Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

Costs · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1440 participants
Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care without an aid

Adverse events · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1440 participants
Low

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care with an aid

Proportion able to communicate or phonate · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care with an aid

Health‐related quality of life · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Non‐vocal communication aid vs usual care with an aid

Emotional and psychological distress · adults requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical ventilator support

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to enable communication for adult patients requiring an artificial airway with or without mechanical… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 58 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Total daily moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) · health problem or population

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions in outside‐school hours childcare settings for promoting physical activity amongst schoolchildren aged 4… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 3036 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Proportion of care session spent in MVPA (% session spent in MVPA) · health problem or population

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions in outside‐school hours childcare settings for promoting physical activity amongst schoolchildren aged 4… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2236 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Cardiovascular fitness (3‐minute endurance test) · health problem or population

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions in outside‐school hours childcare settings for promoting physical activity amongst schoolchildren aged 4… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 141 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Cost‐effectiveness · health problem or population

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions in outside‐school hours childcare settings for promoting physical activity amongst schoolchildren aged 4… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Adverse outcomes ‐ not reported · health problem or population

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions in outside‐school hours childcare settings for promoting physical activity amongst schoolchildren aged 4… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Quality of life ‐ not reported · health problem or population

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions in outside‐school hours childcare settings for promoting physical activity amongst schoolchildren aged 4… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Single component intervention vs control

Adherence to pharmacotherapy: number of people completing treatment · COPD

Single component intervention showed no clear difference in adherence to pharmacotherapy: number of people completing treatment compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.67 [0.22, 1.99]
1 study · 55 participants
Low

Multi‐component intervention vs control

Adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all cause or COPD‐related), serious adverse events, mortality · COPD

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of people experiencing adverse events (all… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.05 [0.6, 1.85]
1 study · 192 participants
Low