Treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV or invasive ventilation) Measured up to 28 days · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC may leads to lower treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV… compared with standard oxygen therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events ‐ pneumonia · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
It is very uncertain whether HFNC changes adverse events Respiratory infection (pneumonia) compared with NIPPV or NIV (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Barotrauma (pneumothorax) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in barotrauma (pneumothorax) compared with NIPPV or NIV (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Nasal mucosa or skin trauma · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Duration of ICU stay · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Respiratory effects: PaO2/FiO2 ratio up to 24 hours after initiation of therapy · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
In‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported in‐hospital mortality, and mortality up to 28 days and up to ICU discharge) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported… compared with standard oxygen therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events Respiratory infection (pneumonia) Nasal mucosa or skin trauma · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in adverse events Respiratory infection (pneumonia) Nasal mucosa or… compared with standard oxygen therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of ICU stay · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Respiratory effects: PaO2/FiO2 ratio up to 24 hours after initiation of therapy · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV or invasive ventilation) Measured up to 28 days · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in treatment failure (escalation of respiratory therapy to NIV, NIPPV… compared with NIPPV or NIV (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
In‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported in‐hospital mortality, and mortality up to 28 days and up to ICU discharge) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported… compared with NIPPV or NIV (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any iCCM illness · children U5
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: integrated community case management changes any iCCM illness compared with usual facility services (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.96 [0.77, 1.19]
5898 participants
Very low
All‐cause mortality · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 participants
GRADE not reported
Adverse events · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
5 participants
GRADE not reported
Quality of care · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 participants
GRADE not reported
All‐cause mortality · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 participants
GRADE not reported
Neonatal mortality · children U5
Summary of findings: integrated community case management showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality rate compared with usual facility services (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
HR 1.01 [0.77, 1.33]
65209 participants
Low
Change in Infant Mortality Rate per 1000 live births1 · children U5
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: integrated community case management changes infant mortality rate compared with usual facility services (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
HR 0.98 [0.72, 1.34]
65209 participants
Very low
U5 mortality rate · children U5
1 finding from 1 review
1.16 [0.99, 1.36]
4729 participants
Very low