Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

643 questions · 671 findings · 87 reviews

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No studies found 177 · 26.4%GRADE not reported 106 · 15.8%Very low 182 · 27.1%Low 114 · 17%Moderate 66 · 9.8%High 26 · 3.9%

Intervention not reported

Disability Mayo Elbow Performance. Scale from: 0 to 100. ( · patients with lateral elbow pain

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 24 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Pain ‐ not reported · patients with chronic (mean 23 months) lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Disability ‐ not measured · patients with chronic (mean 23 months) lateral elbow pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for lateral elbow pain 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Any CNTF vs placebo

Deaths · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in deaths compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.81, 1.41]
2 studies · 1300 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Muscle strength · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1300 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

FVC (% predicted) Change from baseline · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1300 participants
High

Changes in quality of life (SIP) change in Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) scores (range from 0 = best health to 100 = worst health). · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 503 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Asthenia · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in asthenia compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.81, 1.28]
1 study · 570 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Nausea · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in nausea compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.35 [0.92, 1.99]
1 study · 570 participants
High

Any CNTF vs placebo

Increased salivation · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease

Any CNTF showed no clear difference in increased salivation compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease 2004 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.78, 1.5]
1 study · 570 participants
High

TiO2-modified composite (1 wt.%) vs Control composite in contralateral quadrant

Streptococcus mutans count · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

TiO2-modified composite showed no S. mutans difference, with certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Can Orthodontic Adhesive Systems Inhibit the Formation and Development of White Spot Lesions During Fixed Orthodontic… 2024 All outcomes
1 to 6 months after bonding · Fixed orthodontic treatment
No statistically significant difference between the S. mutans populations on the control and test sides at any time point.
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

TiO2-modified composite (1 wt.%) vs Control composite in contralateral quadrant

Enamel demineralization (DIAGNOdent score) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

TiO2-modified composite favored lower DIAGNOdent scores, with certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Can Orthodontic Adhesive Systems Inhibit the Formation and Development of White Spot Lesions During Fixed Orthodontic… 2024 All outcomes
1 to 6 months after bonding · Fixed orthodontic treatment
Mean readings were significantly greater on the control side than on the experimental side (p < 0.001) at all time points except at baseline.
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Number of participants sustaining recurrent patellar dislocation · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes number of participants sustaining recurrent patellar dislocationa compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical versus non‐surgical interventions for treating patellar dislocation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.55 [0.4, 0.75]
8 studies · 438 participants
Very low

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Kujala patellofemoral disorders score Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher scores = better function) · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes knee and physical functiona Measured using the Kujala patellofemoral… compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical versus non‐surgical interventions for treating patellar dislocation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 5.73
7 studies · 401 participants
Very low

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Adverse effects of treatment Overall incidence of complications · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes adverse effects of treatment Overall incidence of complications compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical versus non‐surgical interventions for treating patellar dislocation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.21 [0.73, 6.66]
2 studies · 144 participants
Very low

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Patient satisfactiona Reported as 'good' or 'excellent'. · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes patient satisfactiona Reported as 'good' or 'excellent'. compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical versus non‐surgical interventions for treating patellar dislocation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.74, 1.38]
3 studies · 176 participants
Very low

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Patient‐reported knee instabilitya Incidence of patellar subluxation · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes patient‐reported knee instabilitya Incidence of patellar subluxation compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical versus non‐surgical interventions for treating patellar dislocation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.5, 1.12]
5 studies · 256 participants
Very low

Surgical vs non‐surgical treatment

Subsequent requirement for surgery (re‐operations) for complications Incidence · people with lateral patellar dislocation

It is very uncertain whether surgical changes subsequent requirement for surgery (reoperations) for complicationsa… compared with non‐surgical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical versus non‐surgical interventions for treating patellar dislocation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.45 [0.07, 2.73]
3 studies · 195 participants
Very low

Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound vs control

QoL · acute fractures in adults; included studies assessed effects in complete upper limb fractures (distal radius, clavicle, scaphoid,…

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound and shockwave therapy for acute fractures in adults 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 393 participants
Very low