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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,315 questions · 23,557 findings · 2,311 reviews

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No studies found 4,183 · 17.8%GRADE not reported 3,930 · 16.7%Very low 5,371 · 22.8%Low 5,787 · 24.6%Moderate 3,320 · 14.1%High 966 · 4.1%

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Alcohol‐based handrub vs usual care

Incidence of (study author‐defined) suspected infection within the first 28 days of life · Neonates and caregivers

It is very uncertain whether alcohol‐based handrub changes incidence of suspected infections (author‐defined) within the first… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Four per cent chlorhexidine + hand hygiene promotion vs usual care

Authors reported adverse outcomes (events without hospitalisation) · Neonates and caregivers

It is very uncertain whether four per cent chlorhexidine + hand hygiene promotion changes authors reported adverse outcomes (events without hospitalisation) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐randomized studies** · adults and children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐randomized studies** · adults and children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Non‐randomized studies** · adults and children

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous tranexamic acid vs placebo

Risk of requiring allogeneic blood transfusion (30 days post‐surgery) · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

Intravenous tranexamic acid may leads to lower risk of requiring allogeneic blood transfusion (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs placebo

Re‐operation due to bleeding (7 days post‐surgery) ‐ not reported · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs placebo

Myocardial infarction (0 to 30 days) · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

It is very uncertain whether topical tranexamic acid changes risk of myocardial infarction (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs placebo

Stroke · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

It is very uncertain whether topical tranexamic acid changes risk of cerebrovascular accident/stroke (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy - locally-applied tranexamic acid (TXA) mouthwash/solution (SoF eligibility: TXA or EACA; all included trials used topical TXA) vs placebo

Deep vein thrombosis · people undergoing definitive fixation of hip, pelvic and long bone fractures

It is very uncertain whether topical tranexamic acid changes risk of deep vein thrombosis (30 days post‐surgery) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review