Change in tear osmolarity (mOsm/kg) (lower is favored) · people with dry eye
It is very uncertain whether steroids changes change in tear osmolarity (mOsm/kg) (lower is favored) compared with lubricants (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) · people with dry eye
Steroids showed no clear difference in change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) compared with cyclosporine A (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Size of the lower jaw (arch length) · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth
Lacebacks with fixed appliances showed no clear difference in size of the lower jaw (arch length) compared with fixed appliances only (control); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Size of the lower jaw (arch length, change) · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth
Schwarz appliance showed no clear difference in size of the lower jaw (mandibular arch length, change) at 9 months compared with no active treatment (control); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Amount of crowding (lower incisor crowding) at 10 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth
It is very uncertain whether cervical pull headgear changes amount of crowding (lower incisor crowding) at 2 years compared with minor interceptive procedures (control) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth
It is very uncertain whether schwarz appliance changes amount of crowding (lower arch crowding, change) at 9 months compared with no active treatment (control) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Lower incisor inclination (lingual tipping and retrusion) · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth
Self-ligating brackets showed no clear difference in lower incisors to mandible (inclination, degrees) compared with conventional brackets; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Asthma symptoms · adults and children with chronic asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Asthma control · adults and children with chronic asthma
1 finding from 1 review
Anxiety · children with cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Patients with shoulder pain
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of CMDs ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) Diagnosis defined by SRQ‐20 > 7b; PHQ‐9 ≥ 11d (RR < 1 denotes lower prevalence compared to control) · adults with common mental disorders
Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions may leads to lower prevalence of CMDs ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of PTSD · adults with post‐traumatic stress and CMDs
It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led psychological interventions changes prevalence of PTSD ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months) Diagnosis… compared with usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of adults with probable PTSD (1 to 6 months post intervention) Diagnosis defined by HTQ ≥ 1.75 (RR > 1 denotes lower prevalence compared to control) · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders
Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions may leads to higher prevalence of adults with probable PTSD (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or no care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Anxiety and depression · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders
Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions may leads to higher prevalence of adults with probable depression or anxiety (1 to 6… compared with usual or no care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of methamphetamine use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1 denotes lower prevalence compared to control) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
Lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… showed no clear difference in prevalence of methamphetamine use (1 to 6 months post intervention)… compared with enhanced usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Service utilisation ‐ unplanned hospitalisations (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1 denotes lower risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… changes service utilisation ‐ unplanned hospitalisations (1 to 6 months post… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events ‐ death in past 12 months (RR > 1 denotes higher risk of death) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… changes adverse events ‐ deaths (RR < 1 denotes lower risk) compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cannabis use · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes prevalence of cannabis use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events RR < 1 indicates lower risk of adverse events · adults with common mental disorders
Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions may leads to lower adverse events RR < 1 indicates lower risk of adverse events compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review