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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,280 questions in 114 reviews · Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders
current versionsNo studies 856 · 37.5%Ungraded 58 · 2.5%Very low 550 · 24.1%Low 502 · 22%Moderate 271 · 11.9%High 43 · 1.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Digital technology vs usual care Time to next pulmonary exacerbation · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis Digital technology for early identification of exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (2023) · Cochrane | HR 1.45 | 2 studies · 153 participants | Moderate |
Digital technology vs usual care Number of pulmonary exacerbations: number of participants experiencing an exacerbation · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis Digital technology for early identification of exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.92, 1.25] | 1 study · 267 participants | Moderate |
Digital technology vs usual care QoL: change from baseline in CFQ‐R score · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis Digital technology for early identification of exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Moderate |
Digital technology vs usual care FEV1: change from baseline in FEV1 % predicted · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis Digital technology for early identification of exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 415 participants | Moderate |
Digital technology vs usual care IV antibiotics: number of days on IV antibiotics · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis Digital technology for early identification of exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (2023) · Cochrane | MD 3.07 | 2 studies · 148 participants | Low |
Digital technology vs usual care New micro‐organisms: number of participants in whom new organisms are detected · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis Digital technology for early identification of exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 267 participants | Moderate |
Digital technology vs usual care Adverse events: number of treatment related adverse events · adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis Digital technology for early identification of exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 355 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics vs placebo FEV1 (% predicted) · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 1130 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: colistimethate dry powder for inhalation (Colobreathe®) vs tobramycin Pulmonary exacerbations: number of pulmonary exacerbations · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa infection Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.86, 1.64] | 1 study · 374 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: colistimethate dry powder for inhalation (Colobreathe®) vs tobramycin Quality of life: adjusted mean change in CFQ‐R score at the end of treatment · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa infection Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 374 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: colistimethate dry powder for inhalation (Colobreathe®) vs tobramycin Survival: number of deaths · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa infection Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.21 [0.01, 4.32] | 1 study · 374 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: colistimethate dry powder for inhalation (Colobreathe®) vs tobramycin Antibiotic resistance: change in mean MIC50 and MIC90 at the end of the trial · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa infection Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 374 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: colistimethate dry powder for inhalation (Colobreathe®) vs tobramycin Adverse events: number of treatment related adverse events · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa infection Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.76 [1.5, 2.08] | 1 study · 379 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin FEV1 (% predicted): change from baseline · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 32 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin FVC (% predicted): change from baseline · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 32 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Pulmonary exacerbations · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Quality of life · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Survival · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics vs placebo FVC (% predicted) · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 1097 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Antibiotic resistance · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: inhaled TOBI® (IV preparation) vs tobramycin Adverse events · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: tobramycin for inhalation powder vs tobramycin FEV1 (% predicted): relative change from baseline · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 517 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: tobramycin for inhalation powder vs tobramycin FVC · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: tobramycin for inhalation powder vs tobramycin Pulmonary exacerbations: number of participants experiencing pulmonary exacerbation · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.86, 1.45] | 1 study · 517 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: tobramycin for inhalation powder vs tobramycin Quality of life · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: tobramycin for inhalation powder vs tobramycin Survival: number of deaths · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | 4.76 [0.25, 91.62] | 1 study · 517 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: tobramycin for inhalation powder vs tobramycin Antibiotic resistance: mean change from baseline in P aeruginosa sputum density · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 517 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: tobramycin for inhalation powder vs tobramycin Adverse events: number of any adverse event reported · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [1, 1.15] | 1 study · 517 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: aztreonam lysine for inhalation vs tobramycin FEV1 (% predicted): mean relative change from baseline averaged across 3 cycles · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 268 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics vs placebo Pulmonary exacerbations: frequency of one or more hospital admissions · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.47, 0.93] | 3 studies · 946 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: aztreonam lysine for inhalation vs tobramycin FVC · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: aztreonam lysine for inhalation vs tobramycin Pulmonary exacerbations: need for additional antibiotics · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.51, 0.86] | 1 study · 268 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: aztreonam lysine for inhalation vs tobramycin Quality of life: mean change from baseline in CFQ‐R respiratory symptom scale averaged across 3 cycles · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 268 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: aztreonam lysine for inhalation vs tobramycin Survival · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 268 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: aztreonam lysine for inhalation vs tobramycin Antibiotic resistance: change from baseline in P aeruginosa CFU/g of sputum at week 24 · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 268 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: aztreonam lysine for inhalation vs tobramycin Adverse events: number of treatment‐related adverse events · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.77 [1.03, 3.04] | 1 study · 268 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) vs tobramycin FEV1: LS mean FEV1 (L) · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 262 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) vs tobramycin FVC · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) vs tobramycin Pulmonary exacerbations: frequency of pulmonary exacerbations · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 294 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) vs tobramycin Quality of life: change in CFQ‐R domain scores (mean CFQ‐R score) · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 294 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics vs placebo Quality of life: lost school or working days · adults and children with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 245 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) vs tobramycin Survival · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) vs tobramycin Antibiotic resistance: change from baseline in P aeruginosa CFU/g of sputum density · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 259 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) vs tobramycin Adverse events: number of participants experiencing any TEAE · children and adults with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.47 [0.81, 2.66] | 1 study · 294 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings: levofloxacin for inhalation solution vs tobramycin FEV1 (% predicted): relative mean change from baseline · adults and children aged over 12 with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 282 participants | High |
Summary of findings: levofloxacin for inhalation solution vs tobramycin FVC(% predicted): relative mean change from baseline · adults and children aged over 12 with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 282 participants | High |
Summary of findings: levofloxacin for inhalation solution vs tobramycin Pulmonary exacerbations: number of hospitalisations due to respiratory exacerbations · adults and children aged over 12 with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.62 [0.4, 0.98] | 1 study · 282 participants | High |
Summary of findings: levofloxacin for inhalation solution vs tobramycin Quality of life: change from baseline in CFQ‐R · adults and children aged over 12 with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 282 participants | Low |
Summary of findings: levofloxacin for inhalation solution vs tobramycin Survival · adults and children aged over 12 with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: levofloxacin for inhalation solution vs tobramycin Antibiotic resistance: mean change in P aeruginosa sputum density (log10 CFU/g) · adults and children aged over 12 with CF and P aeruginosa Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 282 participants | High |