Incidence: all cancers · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all cancers · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence: lung cancer · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: lung cancer · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events: haemorrhagic stroke · healthy people
Vitamin E leads to higher adverse events: haemorrhagic stroke compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence: all cancers · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all cancers · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all causes · healthy people
Vitamin E showed no clear difference in mortality: all causes compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence: lung cancer · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence: lung cancer ‐ men · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005
Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer ‐ men compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer dimensions over time: mean (SD) cm wound length reduction · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer dimensions over time: mean (SD) cm wound depth reduction · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer dimensions over time: mean (SD) cm wound width reduction · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes ulcer healing (absolute change in individual parameters of ulcer… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Ulcer healing · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Development of any new foot ulcers · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Amputation · people with diabetes and foot ulcers
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Death (all causes) · preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes death (all causes) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cardiovascular mortality · preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients
It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes cardiovascular death compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review