Intervention not reported
Prenatal vitamin D deficiency prevalence
1 finding from 1 review
Primary caries prevention · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Cathepsin K (CT-K) presence/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (mostly coronal), natural caries lesions
Cathepsin K may be increased in carious dentin (one study), but no certainty rating was assigned (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Higher intensity of immunodetection of CT-K was registered in carious dentin than in sound dentin (Vidal et al., 2014); GRADE was not applied to CT-K.
1 study · 10 participants
GRADE not reported
MMP-13 presence/activity · Human coronal carious dentin and sound dentin
MMP-13 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-2 expression/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (head/neck radiotherapy)
MMP-2 showed no difference between irradiated and non-irradiated carious dentin (one study; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
No significant difference in MMP-2 (gelatinase) expression or activity between irradiated and non-irradiated groups (Gomes-Silva et al., 2017a); GRADE not separately applied to this comparison.
1 study · 36 participants
GRADE not reported
MMP-8 expression/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (mostly coronal), natural caries lesions
For MMP-8, no clear direction of difference between carious and sound dentin was found; the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-2 presence/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (mostly coronal), natural caries lesions
MMP-2 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-2 may be increased in carious dentin when compared to sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain.
7 studies · 373 participants
Very low
MMP-2 presence/activity · Human coronal carious dentin and sound dentin
MMP-2 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-9 presence/activity · Human coronal carious dentin and sound dentin
MMP-9 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
3 studies
Very low
MMP-9 presence/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (mostly coronal), natural caries lesions
MMP-9 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-9 may be increased in carious dentin when compared to sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain.
3 studies · 292 participants
Very low
MMP-8 expression/activity · Human carious dentin
MMP-8 may be increased before compared with after cavity sealing (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-8 expression/activity · Human coronal carious dentin and sound dentin
No effect direction was found for MMP-8 in carious versus sound dentin (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2 studies
Very low
MMP-2 presence/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin
MMP-2 shows no difference between root and coronal carious dentin; the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
There is no difference in MMP-2 activity in root vs. coronal carious dentin; MMP-2 was present in both coronal and root dentin in all specimens (Toledano et al., 2010). The evidence is very uncertain.
1 study · 10 participants
Very low
Bacterial collagenolytic protease gene expression · Coronal dentin and enamel caries samples
Genes encoding collagenases and other proteases were overrepresented in dentin caries compared with enamel caries.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study
GRADE not reported
MMP-13 presence/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (mostly coronal), natural caries lesions
MMP-13 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-13 may be increased in carious dentin when compared to sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain (Loreto et al., 2014: more in coronal caries, p<0.05).
1 study · 13 participants
Very low
MMP-2 location/presence · Human carious dentin
No effect direction was found for MMP-2 by lesion depth or location (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 studies
Very low
MMP-9 expression/activity · Human carious dentin
No difference in MMP-9 expression/activity was found before versus after cavity sealing (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Prevalence of white spot lesions (WSL) at debonding, subject level · Healthy adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed multi-bracket appliances
Fluoride varnish applied regularly during fixed orthodontic treatment may reduce the prevalence of white spot lesions at debonding (pooled RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.98), but the certainty of evidence is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Bacterial collagenolytic protease gene expression · Human ex vivo carious lesions / caries-associated biofilm
Genes encoding bacterial collagenolytic proteases were detected/overexpressed in coronal and root caries (ungraded; GRADE not feasible).
1 finding from 1 review
Genes coding for bacterial collagenolytic proteases were significantly expressed/overrepresented in coronal (Simon-Soro et al., 2013) and root (Dame-Teixeira et al., 2018: 42 proteases differentially expressed, 18…
2 studies · 25 participants
GRADE not reported
MMP-2 expression/activity · Human carious dentin from irradiated and non-irradiated subjects
No difference in MMP-2 activity or expression was reported between irradiated and non-irradiated carious dentin.
1 finding from 1 review