All‐cause mortality · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
CPAP probably leads to lower mortality compared with supplemental oxygen (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pneumothorax · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
CPAP may leads to higher pneumothorax occurring after allocation compared with supplemental oxygen (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Need for mechanical ventilation · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn
It is very uncertain whether non‐invasive respiratory support changes need for mechanical ventilation compared with supplemental oxygen or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn
It is very uncertain whether non‐invasive respiratory support changes all‐cause mortality compared with supplemental oxygen or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Length of hospital stay · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of tachypnea, defined as hours with respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn
1 finding from 1 review
Exacerbations · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…
Antibiotics probably leads to lower number of people with one or more exacerbations WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Annual Exacerbation Rates · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…
Antibiotics probably leads to lower rate of exacerbation per patient/year WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
HRQoL: total score · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in serious adverse events WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any adverse event WMD of · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in any adverse event WMD of compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
FEV1 · Adults (aged 40 or over) with COPD presenting with 1 or more exacerbations in the previous year. The 2 larger studies (Albert 2011; Sethi…
1 finding from 1 review
Hospital mortality · adults (aged > 17 years) with acute respiratory failure after upper abdominal surgery
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) showed no clear difference in hospital mortality compared with oxygen therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of intubation · adults (aged > 17 years) with acute respiratory failure after upper abdominal surgery
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) may leads to lower rate of tracheal Intubation compared with oxygen therapy (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of ICU stay · adults (aged > 17 years) with acute respiratory failure after upper abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) changes ICU length of stay compared with oxygen therapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Completion of treatment · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Anxiety control and overall response to treatment during tooth extraction · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
Hypnosis did not provide sufficient anxiety control during tooth extraction, and overall response to treatment remained statistically lower than response to inhalation sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen (i.e. the…
1 study · 10 participants
GRADE not reported
Patient preference / acceptance of treatment · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
Total treatment time · Children aged 10 to 16 years undergoing orthodontic extractions (Braithwaite 2005)
1 finding from 1 review
No significant difference in total treatment time between inhalation sedation and hypnorelaxation; hypnorelaxation demanded little additional time to complete care. (Braithwaite 2005.)
1 study · 10 participants
GRADE not reported