Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,535 questions · 3,601 findings · 252 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 726 · 20.2%GRADE not reported 421 · 11.7%Very low 828 · 23%Low 993 · 27.6%Moderate 486 · 13.5%High 147 · 4.1%

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Maternal iron‐deficiency anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L and at least 1 additional laboratory indicators at 37 weeks' gestation or more) · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… changes maternal iron‐deficiency anaemia at term (Hb less than 110 g/L and… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and minerals) vs daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes

Maternal death · Women receiving supplements in pregnancy

Any intermittent iron regimen (with or without other vitamins and… led to lower maternal death (death while pregnant or within 42 days of… compared with daily regimen (with same vitamins and minerals)‐maternal outcomes; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Bishop score vs transvaginal ultrasound

Neonatal admission to NICU · women with singleton cephalic fetuses undergoing assessment for pre‐induction cervical ripening.

Bishop score showed no clear difference in neonatal admission to NICU compared with transvaginal ultrasound (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bishop score vs transvaginal ultrasound

Need of misoprostol for cervical ripening · women with singleton cephalic fetuses undergoing assessment for pre‐induction cervical ripening.

Bishop score probably leads to lower need of misoprostol for cervical ripening compared with transvaginal ultrasound (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bishop score vs transvaginal ultrasound

Meconium staining of amniotic fluid · women with singleton cephalic fetuses undergoing assessment for pre‐induction cervical ripening.

Bishop score showed no clear difference in meconium staining of amniotic fluid compared with transvaginal ultrasound (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bishop score vs transvaginal ultrasound

Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes · women with singleton cephalic fetuses undergoing assessment for pre‐induction cervical ripening.

Bishop score showed no clear difference in apgar score at 5 minutes less than 7 compared with transvaginal ultrasound (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bishop score vs transvaginal ultrasound

Fetal heart rate abnormality in labour · women with singleton cephalic fetuses undergoing assessment for pre‐induction cervical ripening.

Bishop score showed no clear difference in fetal heart rate abnormality in labour compared with transvaginal ultrasound; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Red blood cell transfusion vs no transfusion

Erythrocyte alloantibody formation Laboratory assessment · women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia

It is very uncertain whether red blood cell transfusion changes erythrocyte alloantibody formation Laboratory assessment compared with non‐transfusion (Comparison 2) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review