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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,411 questions · 5,986 findings · 226 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 1,305 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 2,988 · 49.9%Very low 1,030 · 17.2%Low 476 · 8%Moderate 156 · 2.6%High 31 · 0.5%

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Laser (Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, or Nd:YAG) vs Conventional mechanical caries removal (standard drill; handpiece with a bur)

Duration of treatment · Children, adolescents and adults with caries in deciduous and permanent teeth (age 3.5 to 84 years)

Laser (Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, or Nd:YAG) led to higher duration of treatment compared with conventional mechanical caries removal (standard drill; handpiece…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Motivational interview plus oral health education vs Oral health education

Adverse events: Clinically important specific adverse events · People with serious mental illness (all included participants had schizophrenia); majority aged 18 to 65 years per NIMH 1987, or with…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) vs placebo

Adverse effects: intermittent facial skin rash · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether dietary supplements (alpha lipoic acid +/- adjunctive ingredients) changes adverse effects: intermittent facial skin rash compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic beta carotene or carotenoids (incl. lycopene) vs placebo or no treatment

Malignant transformation (oral cancer development) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia

It is very uncertain whether systemic beta carotene or carotenoids (incl. lycopene) changes oral cancer development compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser (Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, or Nd:YAG) vs Other caries removal systems (chemo-mechanical, sono-abrasion, or air-abrasion)

Outcome not reported · Children, adolescents and adults with caries in deciduous and permanent teeth (age 3.5 to 84 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • 'Types of interventions' allowed comparison of laser with other caries-removal systems (chemo-mechanical, sono-abrasion, air-abrasion); no included study used such a comparator (all nine included trials compared laser…
    Studies not reported
    No studies found

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Duration of postoperative analgesia · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes duration of postoperative analgesia (in hours) compared with placebo (sham block) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Monitoring (any means of observation, supervision, keeping under review, measuring or testing at intervals) vs No monitoring

Leaving the study early · People with serious mental illness (all included participants had schizophrenia); majority aged 18 to 65 years per NIMH 1987, or with…

Monitoring (any means of observation, supervision, keeping under… showed no clear difference in leaving the study early compared with no monitoring (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Amisulpride (antipsychotic, 50 mg/day) vs placebo

Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    short-term (up to 3 months)
    Bogetto 1999 (amisulpride) included in the antidepressants/antipsychotics comparison but data not presented due to excessive attrition (19/24; 79%) in the placebo arm.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Gabapentin vs placebo

Change in taste · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological intervention: structured telephone call (verbal follow‐up and reassurance) vs placebo or no intervention

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Herbal extracts (tea components; Chinese herbal mixture; freeze-dried black raspberry gel) vs placebo or no treatment

Malignant transformation (oral cancer development) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • SoF 4 (Herbal extracts vs placebo), Cancer development: SoF cell 'Not measured'. Effects text: cancer development was among the outcomes in Tsao 2009 (green tea extract) but it was not possible to analyse the data…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Oral appliance or functional orthopaedic appliance vs placebo or no treatment

Reduction of upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) and body-weight/BMI development (polysomnography) · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Educational intervention with information and practical components (theoretical oral health education plus practical skills training) for nursing staff and/or residents vs (Optimised) usual care

Denture-induced stomatitis · Nursing home residents (mean age 78.3 to 86.0 years; more than 66% women; 62.1% to 87.3% with dental prostheses)
1 finding from 1 review

Bethanechol vs placebo

Change in feeling of dryness · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review