Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

395 questions · 404 findings · 37 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 83 · 20.5%GRADE not reported 41 · 10.1%Very low 127 · 31.4%Low 115 · 28.5%Moderate 38 · 9.4%High 0 · 0%

CBT vs other experimental control

Negatively biased interpretations of tinnitus · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 455 participants
Moderate

CBT vs other experimental control

Other adverse effects · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 595 participants
Low

CBT vs no treatment or waiting list

Depression at end of treatment · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 502 participants
Low

CBT vs no treatment or waiting list

Anxiety · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 429 participants
Very low

CBT vs no treatment or waiting list

Health‐related quality of life · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 179 participants
Very low

CBT vs no treatment or waiting list

Negatively biased interpretations of tinnitus · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 84 participants
Very low

CBT vs no treatment or waiting list

Other adverse effects · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 447 participants
Moderate

CBT vs audiological care (tinnitus education and rehabilitation

Outcomes at end of treatment · adults with tinnitus

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

CBT vs WAIT LIST

Remission of primary anxiety diagnosis post‐treatment (ITT) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT probably leads to higher remission of primary anxiety diagnosis post‐treatment (ITT) compared with waitlist (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.45 [3.9, 7.6]
39 studies · 2697 participants
Moderate

CBT vs treatment

Acceptability (number of participants lost to post‐treatment assessment) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT showed no clear difference in acceptability (number of participants lost to post‐treatment… compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.37 [0.73, 2.56]
8 studies · 441 participants
Low

CBT vs treatment

Remission of all anxiety diagnoses post‐treatment (ITT) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT may leads to higher remission of all anxiety diagnoses post‐treatment (ITT) compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.74 [1.16, 6.46]
5 studies · 203 participants
Low

CBT vs treatment

Anxiety · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 214 participants
Low

CBT vs treatment

Reduction in depressive symptoms post‐treatment · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

CBT vs treatment

Improvement in global functioning post‐treatment · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

CBT vs treatment

Adverse events (randomisation to post‐treatment) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

CBT vs attention control

Remission of primary anxiety diagnosis post‐treatment (ITT) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT may leads to higher remission of primary anxiety diagnosis post‐treatment (ITT) compared with attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.28 [1.33, 3.89]
10 studies · 822 participants
Low

CBT vs attention control

Acceptability (number of participants lost to post‐treatment assessment) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT showed no clear difference in acceptability (number of participants lost to post‐treatment… compared with attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1 [0.68, 1.49]
12 studies · 797 participants
Low

CBT vs attention control

Remission of all anxiety diagnoses post‐treatment (ITT) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT may leads to higher remission of all anxiety diagnoses post‐treatment (ITT) compared with attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.75 [1.22, 6.17]
5 studies · 378 participants
Low

CBT vs WAIT LIST

Acceptability (number of participants lost to post‐treatment assessment) · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT showed no clear difference in acceptability (number of participants lost to post‐treatment… compared with waitlist (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.09 [0.85, 1.41]
45 studies · 3158 participants
Low

CBT vs attention control

Anxiety · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 978 participants
Moderate