Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,534 questions · 5,247 findings · 456 reviews

Sort:Best matchNewest Highest certainty Download CSV

No studies found 1,142 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 1,503 · 28.6%Very low 1,040 · 19.8%Low 869 · 16.6%Moderate 554 · 10.6%High 139 · 2.6%

Ranked among the 5,000 newest matching findings; add words or filters to narrow the search.

1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Adverse effects of toothpaste · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Adverse effects of toothpaste: no studies reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Pycnogenol chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum

VSC: methyl sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Pycnogenol chewing gum showed no clear difference in VSC: methyl sulphide compared with placebo chewing gum; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 weeks
MD -4.7 [-27.01, 17.61]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy dressing vs Triple antibiotic paste (TAP)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Immature (young) permanent teeth with open apex and vital pulp exposed to dental caries or trauma, in children aged 6-14 years

A single 3-arm RCT found no difference in pulpotomy success between MTA and triple antibiotic paste (both 100%; not pooled; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Materials for pulpotomy in immature permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2019 All outcomes
1 to 24 months · Pediatric dental clinic (India)
Single RCT (Eppa 2018, 3-arm; 20 MTA and 20 TAP teeth): 100% clinical and radiographic success in both MTA and TAP at all follow-ups (1-24 months); no difference between groups; not pooled
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste vs 250 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Closest to 36 months
SMD -0.21 [-0.33, -0.1]
Studies not reported
Low

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with no tongue cleaning (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 2 weeks
MD -0.2 [-0.34, -0.07]
2 studies · 46 participants
Very low

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 4 weeks
Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
0 studies
No studies found

0.2% zinc sulphate toothpaste vs Placebo toothpaste (without zinc)

It is very uncertain whether 0.2% zinc sulphate toothpaste changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with placebo toothpaste (without zinc) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 4 weeks
MD -1.31 [-1.39, -1.23]
1 study · 187 participants
Very low

Oral-health promotion programs (OHPPs): community-based oral-health education/training, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and topical fluoride, dental screening, and dietary advice vs No oral-health promotion program, or a differing (usual-care) action under similar conditions

DMFT/DMFS index (dental caries experience) · Children aged 0-12 years in Finland

The single Finnish study showed lower DMFT/S with OHPP (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.56; ungraded, single study).

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Oral-Health Promotion in Dental Caries Prevention among Children:… 2019 All outcomes
Community settings: home visits, telephone contacts, healthcare centers, and primary schools · Country: Finland
OR 0.48 [0.41, 0.56]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Sodium bicarbonate toothpaste vs Control toothpaste (without sodium bicarbonate)

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
6 weeks
Adverse events reported by Lomax 2017 were not related to the interventions.
1 study · 148 participants
GRADE not reported

Subgingival laser irradiation + povidone-iodine vs SRP

It is very uncertain whether subgingival laser irradiation + povidone-iodine changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with SRP alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 4 weeks
MD 0.49 [0.3, 0.68]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste vs 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with 440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Closest to 36 months
SMD -0.16 [-0.35, 0.03]
1 study
Low

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste vs 1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste

Proportion developing new caries · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in proportion developing new caries compared with 1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Follow-up: 36 months
RR 1.02 [0.93, 1.11]
2 studies · 4328 participants
Low

Miswak (Salvadora persica) stick vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash

It is very uncertain whether miswak (Salvadora persica) stick changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 1 week
MD -0.55 [-1.33, 0.23]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Oral-health promotion programs (OHPPs): community-based oral-health education/training, supervised toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and topical fluoride, dental screening, and dietary advice vs No oral-health promotion program, or a differing (usual-care) action under similar conditions

DMFT/DMFS index (dental caries experience) · Children aged 0-12 years (studies published before 2015)

In studies published before 2015, OHPPs were associated with lower DMFT (OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.13; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Oral-Health Promotion in Dental Caries Prevention among Children:… 2019 All outcomes
Community settings: home visits, telephone contacts, healthcare centers, and primary schools · Published before 2015
OR 0.01 [0.00, 0.13]
4 studies
GRADE not reported

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

VSC: hydrogen sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash showed no clear difference in VSC: hydrogen sulphide compared with placebo mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
9 days
MD -125.1 [-286.32, 36.12]
1 study · 20 participants
GRADE not reported

1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start)

1000 or 1100 ppm F toothpaste probably leads to lower caries increment, surface index DMFS compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 to 24 months
MD -0.53 [-1.02, -0.04]
3 studies · 2162 participants
Moderate

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste vs Non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste

Proportion developing new caries · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)

1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower proportion developing new caries compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Follow-up: 36 months
RR 0.95 [0.91, 0.98]
1 study · 945 participants
Low

Individualised oral care plan based on a multidisciplinary assessment vs usual care

Plaque · Adults aged 22 to 57 years with mixed levels of ID; setting residential

1 finding from 1 review

Oral hygiene interventions for people with intellectual disabilities 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Medium term (6 weeks to 12 months)
Individualised oral care plan vs usual care. Subjective Oral Hygiene Rating scale 1-5 and Improvement Differential, mean 12 months; SOHR 2.97 (intervention) vs 3.10 (control); improvement differential 38% vs 5%; 79…
1 study · 79 participants
Very low

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

VSC: dimethyl sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Benzethonium chloride mouthwash showed no clear difference in VSC: dimethyl sulphide compared with placebo mouthwash; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
9 days
MD -0.03 [-0.63, 0.57]
1 study · 20 participants
GRADE not reported

Toothbrushing + 0.075% cetylpyridinium chloride mouthwash vs Toothbrushing alone

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 3 weeks
Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
0 studies
No studies found