What do systematic reviews say?

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine vs other local anaesthetic

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine may leads to lower presence of any TNS – lidocaine vs levobupivacaine compared with other local anaesthetic (low certainty).

• Transient neurological symptoms (TNS) following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.13 [0.02, 0.69]
  2 studies · 120 participants
  Low

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine vs other local anaesthetic

It is very uncertain whether risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine changes presence of any TNS – lidocaine vs mepivacaine compared with other local anaesthetic (very low certainty).

• Transient neurological symptoms (TNS) following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.18, 5.82]
  4 studies · 274 participants
  Very low

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine vs other local anaesthetic

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine probably leads to lower presence of any TNS – lidocaine vs prilocaine compared with other local anaesthetic (moderate certainty).

• Transient neurological symptoms (TNS) following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.18 [0.07, 0.49]
  4 studies · 429 participants
  Moderate

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine vs other local anaesthetic

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine probably leads to lower presence of any TNS – lidocaine vs procaine compared with other local anaesthetic (moderate certainty).

• Transient neurological symptoms (TNS) following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.14 [0.04, 0.52]
  2 studies · 130 participants
  Moderate

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine vs other local anaesthetic

Risk of transient neurological symptoms with spinal lidocaine may leads to lower presence of any TNS – lidocaine vs ropivacaine compared with other local anaesthetic (low certainty).

• Transient neurological symptoms (TNS) following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics in… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.1 [0.01, 0.78]
  2 studies · 90 participants
  Low

Bispectral index vs clinical signs

• Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  22 studies · 1494 participants
  Low

Bispectral index vs clinical signs

• Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 273 participants
  Low

Bispectral index vs clinical signs

• Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  13 studies · 930 participants
  Low

Bispectral index vs ETAG

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bispectral index vs ETAG

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bispectral index vs ETAG

• Bispectral index for improving intraoperative awareness and early postoperative recovery in adults 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 15452 participants
  Low

Percutaneous insertion vs open surgery

Percutaneous insertion showed no clear difference in exit‐site/tunnel infection compared with open surgery (moderate certainty).

• Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing catheter‐related infections in chronic peritoneal… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.16 [0.02, 1.3]
  2 studies · 96 participants
  Moderate

Percutaneous insertion vs open surgery

It is very uncertain whether percutaneous insertion changes catheter removal or replacement compared with open surgery (very low certainty).

• Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing catheter‐related infections in chronic peritoneal… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.24 [0.03, 2.04]
  1 study · 61 participants
  Very low

Direct trocar entry vs Veress needle entry

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 810 participants
  GRADE not reported

Direct trocar entry vs Veress needle entry

It is very uncertain whether direct trocar entry changes solid organ injury compared with veress needle entry (very low certainty).

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.58 [0.06, 5.65]
  3 studies · 1079 participants
  Very low

Direct trocar entry vs Veress needle entry

Direct trocar entry probably leads to lower failed entry compared with veress needle entry (moderate certainty).

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.24 [0.17, 0.34]
  8 studies · 3185 participants
  Moderate

Direct trocar entry vs Veress needle entry

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 1438 participants
  GRADE not reported

Direct trocar entry vs Veress needle entry

It is very uncertain whether direct trocar entry changes vascular injury (major vessels and abdominal wall vessels) compared with veress needle entry (very low certainty).

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.59 [0.18, 1.96]
  6 studies · 1603 participants
  Very low

Direct trocar entry vs Veress needle entry

It is very uncertain whether direct trocar entry changes visceral injury (bladder or bowel) compared with veress needle entry (very low certainty).

• Laparoscopic entry techniques 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 2.02 [0.21, 19.42]
  5 studies · 1519 participants
  Very low

The introduction of nursing assistive personnel (NAP) to the hospital workforce vs usual staffing

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Hospital nurse‐staffing models and patient‐ and staff‐related outcomes 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found