Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,231 questions · 3,354 findings · 394 reviews

No studies found 803 · 23.9%GRADE not reported 267 · 8%Very low 757 · 22.6%Low 859 · 25.6%Moderate 486 · 14.5%High 182 · 5.4%

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate vs clomiphene

Ovulation rate · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate probably leads to higher ovulation rate per woman compared with clomiphene citrate alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate vs clomiphene

Miscarriage · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate may leads to higher miscarriage rate per woman compared with clomiphene citrate alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin vs clomiphene

Live birth rate per woman aParticipants with BMI < 30 kg/m2 or ≤ 32 kg/m2 · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

It is very uncertain whether metformin changes live birth rate per woman Participants with BMI < 30 kg/m2 or ≤ 32… compared with clomiphene citrate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin vs clomiphene

Live birth rate per woman aParticipants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

It is very uncertain whether metformin changes live birth rate per woman Participants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2a compared with clomiphene citrate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin vs clomiphene

Clinical pregnancy rate per woman Participants with BMI < 30 kg/m2 or ≤ 32 kg/m2a · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

It is very uncertain whether metformin changes clinical pregnancy rate per woman Participants with BMI < 30 kg/m2… compared with clomiphene citrate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin vs clomiphene

Clinical pregnancy rate per woman aParticipants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

It is very uncertain whether metformin changes clinical pregnancy rate per woman Participants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2a compared with clomiphene citrate (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin vs clomiphene

Ovulation rate per woman fParticipants with BMI < 30 kg/m2 · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin showed no clear difference in ovulation rate per woman Participants with BMI < 30 kg/m2b compared with clomiphene citrate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Gastrointestinal adverse events · Women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility

Metformin probably leads to higher adverse events (gastrointestinal) per woman compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin vs clomiphene

Ovulation rate per woman fParticipants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin may leads to lower ovulation rate per woman Participants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2b compared with clomiphene citrate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin vs placebo or no treatment

Clinical pregnancy rate · Women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility

Metformin probably leads to higher clinical pregnancy rate per woman compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate vs clomiphene

Live birth rate per woman · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate showed no clear difference in live birth rate per woman compared with clomiphene citrate alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate vs clomiphene

Gastrointestinal adverse events · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate probably leads to higher adverse events (gastrointestinal) per woman compared with clomiphene citrate alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate vs clomiphene

Clinical pregnancy rate · women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin combined with clomiphene citrate probably leads to higher clinical pregnancy rate per woman compared with clomiphene citrate alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews