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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,653 questions in 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility
current versionsNo studies 531 · 20%Ungraded 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Oxytocin antagonists vs control Miscarriage · women undergoing embryo transfer as part of assisted reproduction Oxytocin antagonists for assisted reproduction (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.75, 1.56] | 5 studies · 1424 participants | Very low |
Oxytocin antagonists vs control Clinical pregnancy · women undergoing embryo transfer as part of assisted reproduction Oxytocin antagonists for assisted reproduction (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.5 [1.18, 1.89] | 7 studies · 1646 participants | Low |
Oxytocin antagonists vs control Complications · women undergoing embryo transfer as part of assisted reproduction Oxytocin antagonists for assisted reproduction (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 1464 participants | Very low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Live birth · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.85 [0.65, 1.12] | 3 studies · 917 participants | Low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs non‐pharmacological intervention Clinical pregnancy · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 11 [0.43, 284] | 1 study · 11 participants | Very low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs non‐pharmacological intervention Weight changeWeight change (kg) Body mass index (BMI) · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 11 participants | Very low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs non‐pharmacological intervention Quality of life/Mental health outcomeMental health (at 12 weeks) Quality of life (at 12 weeks) · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 11 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs pharmacological intervention Live birth · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pharmacological intervention vs pharmacological intervention Adverse events ‐ Metformin plus liraglutide vs metformin Nausea Diarrhoea Headache · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 7.22 [0.72, 73] | 1 study · 28 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs pharmacological intervention Clinical pregnancyMetformin plus liraglutide vs metformin Met + CC + L‐carnitine vs Met + CC + placebo · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 5.2 [2.59, 10.4] | 1 study · 28 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs pharmacological intervention MiscarriageMet + CC + L‐carnitine vs Met + CC + placebo · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 3.58 [0.73, 17.6] | 1 study · 274 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs pharmacological intervention Weight ‐ BMI changeMetformin plus liraglutide vs metformin Met + CC + L‐carnitine vs Met + CC + placebo Weight changeDexfenfluramine vs placebo Weight ‐ body fatMetformin plus liraglutide vs metformin · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs pharmacological intervention Quality of life/Mental health outcome · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Live birth · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.57 [0.44, 5.57] | 1 study · 65 participants | Very low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Ongoing pregnancy · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.81 [0.58, 1.13] | 1 study · 564 participants | Low |
Pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Ongoing pregnancy · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Miscarriage · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.5 [0.04, 5.8] | 1 study · 65 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Adverse events (GI) · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.91 [0.32, 2.57] | 1 study · 65 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Clinical pregnancy · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 2.67 [0.9, 7.93] | 2 studies · 96 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Weight changeBMI WHR · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 143 participants | Very low |
Pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Quality of life/Mental health outcome · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Miscarriage · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.54 [0.99, 2.39] | 3 studies · 917 participants | Very low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Clinical pregnancy · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.06 [0.81, 1.4] | 3 studies · 917 participants | Low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Weight changeBMI change (Einarsson 2017) · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 305 participants | Low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo BMI change (Sim 2014) · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 43 participants | Very low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs no intervention or placebo Quality of life/Mental health outcome · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs non‐pharmacological intervention Live birth · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | OR 11 [0.43, 284] | 1 study · 11 participants | Very low |
Non‐pharmacological intervention vs non‐pharmacological intervention Miscarriage · obese women with subfertility Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Nifedipine vs placebo Pain relief (any) · primary dysmenorrhoea Nifedipine for primary dysmenorrhoea (2021) · Cochrane | OR 9.04 [2.61, 31.31] | 2 studies · 66 participants | Very low |
Nifedipine vs placebo Good or excellent pain relief · primary dysmenorrhoea Nifedipine for primary dysmenorrhoea (2021) · Cochrane | OR 43.78 [5.34, 359.01] | 2 studies · 66 participants | Very low |
Nifedipine vs placebo Health‐related quality of life · primary dysmenorrhoea Nifedipine for primary dysmenorrhoea (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Nifedipine vs placebo Total adverse effects · primary dysmenorrhoea Nifedipine for primary dysmenorrhoea (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.94 [0.08, 10.9] | 1 study · 24 participants | Very low |
Nifedipine vs placebo Bothersome adverse effects · primary dysmenorrhoea Nifedipine for primary dysmenorrhoea (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.54 [0.07, 4.2] | 1 study · 24 participants | Very low |
Nifedipine vs placebo Requirement for additional medication · primary dysmenorrhoea Nifedipine for primary dysmenorrhoea (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.07 [0.02, 0.32] | 1 study · 42 participants | Very low |
Analysis 1 ‐ Oxidised regenerated cellulose vs no treatment at laparoscopy Pelvic pain · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 2 ‐ Oxidised regenerated cellulose vs no treatment at laparotomy Incidence of adhesions ‐ de novo Incidence at second‐look laparoscopy · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.72 [0.42, 1.25] | 1 study · 271 participants | Very low |
Analysis 2 ‐ Oxidised regenerated cellulose vs no treatment at laparotomy Incidence of adhesions ‐ re‐formation (or mixture) Incidence at second‐look laparoscopy · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.38 [0.27, 0.55] | 6 studies · 554 participants | Low |
Analysis 2 ‐ Oxidised regenerated cellulose vs no treatment at laparotomy Clinical pregnancy rate · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 4 ‐ Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vs oxidised regenerated cellulose Pelvic pain · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 4 ‐ Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vs oxidised regenerated cellulose Live birth rate · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 4 ‐ Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vs oxidised regenerated cellulose Adhesion score Non‐validated score out of 11 at SLL · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 58 participants | Very low |
Analysis 4 ‐ Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vs oxidised regenerated cellulose Incidence of adhesions ‐ de novo Incidence at second‐look laparoscopy · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.93 [0.26, 3.41] | 1 study · 38 participants | Very low |
Analysis 4 ‐ Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vs oxidised regenerated cellulose Incidence of adhesions ‐ re‐formation (or mixture) Incidence at second‐look laparoscopy · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.13 [0.02, 0.8] | 1 study · 23 participants | Very low |
Analysis 4 ‐ Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vs oxidised regenerated cellulose Clinical pregnancy rate · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 7 ‐ Collagen membrane with polyethylene glycol and glycerol vs Ringer's lactate Pelvic pain · patients with adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 1 ‐ Oxidised regenerated cellulose vs no treatment at laparoscopy Live birth rate · women having gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 7 ‐ Collagen membrane with polyethylene glycol and glycerol vs Ringer's lactate Live birth rate · patients with adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Analysis 7 ‐ Collagen membrane with polyethylene glycol and glycerol vs Ringer's lactate Adhesion score · patients with adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 47 participants | Very low |
Analysis 7 ‐ Collagen membrane with polyethylene glycol and glycerol vs Ringer's lactate Incidence of adhesions ‐ de novo Incidence at second‐look laparoscopy · patients with adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.04 [0, 0.77] | 1 study · 47 participants | Low |
Analysis 7 ‐ Collagen membrane with polyethylene glycol and glycerol vs Ringer's lactate Incidence of adhesions ‐ re‐formation or mixture Incidence at second‐look laparoscopy · patients with adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |