Intervention not reported
Gastrointestinal haemorrhage (during hospital stay) · preterm or low birth weight infants with risk of having PDA on day 3 to 4 of life
The intervention may leads to higher gastrointestinal haemorrhage (during hospital stay) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perinatal mortality · infants born of women at risk of preterm birth
Neonatal and child outcomes: corticosteroids leads to lower perinatal death (composite of fetal death (in utero death) and… compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.85 [0.77, 0.93]
Studies not reported
High
Neonatal death (baby born alive at any gestation and dies within 28 days) · infants born of women at risk of preterm birth
Neonatal and child outcomes: corticosteroids leads to lower neonatal death (infants born with signs of life who die within the… compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.78 [0.7, 0.87]
Studies not reported
High
Respiratory distress syndrome · infants born of women at risk of preterm birth
Neonatal and child outcomes: corticosteroids leads to lower respiratory distress syndrome№ of participants: 11,183(26 RCTs) compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.71 [0.65, 0.78]
Studies not reported
High
Intraventricular haemorrhage · infants born of women at risk of preterm birth
Neonatal and child outcomes: corticosteroids probably leads to lower intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH)№ of participants: 8475(12 RCTs) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.58 [0.45, 0.75]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Developmental delay in childhood№ of participants: 600 (3 RCTs). Age at · infants born of women at risk of preterm birth
Neonatal and child outcomes: corticosteroids probably leads to lower developmental delay in childhood№ of participants: 600 (3 RCTs). Age… compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.51 [0.27, 0.97]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Maternal death · women at risk of preterm birth
Maternal outcomes: corticosteroids showed no clear difference in maternal death compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.19 [0.36, 3.89]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Chorioamnionitis · women at risk of preterm birth
Maternal outcomes: corticosteroids showed no clear difference in chorioamnionitis№ of participants: 8374(15 RCTs) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.86 [0.69, 1.08]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Endometritis · women at risk of preterm birth
Maternal outcomes: corticosteroids showed no clear difference in endometritis№ of participants: 6764(10 RCTs) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.14 [0.82, 1.58]
Studies not reported
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Use of 1 or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high doses of EPO) · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention may leads to lower use of 1 or more red blood cell transfusions (low and high doses of… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Time to achieve full enteral feeding (days) · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention showed no clear difference in time to achieve full enteral feeding (days) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Cerebral palsy at 18 to 24 months' corrected age · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention showed no clear difference in cerebral palsy at 18 to 24 months' corrected age (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
BSID‐III composite cognitive scores at 18 to 22 months The Bayley‐III has 3 main sub tests: the Cognitive Scale, which includes items such as attention to familiar and unfamiliar objects, looking for a fallen object, and pretend play; the Language... · neonates born preterm with low birth weight
The intervention probably leads to higher BSID‐III composite cognitive scores at 18 to 22 months The… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
WPPSI‐III FSIQ at 3.5 to 4 years of age Composite scores have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. Average is 90 to 109. · neonates born preterm with low birth weight
The intervention may leads to higher WPPSI‐III FSIQ at 3.5 to 4 years of age Composite scores have a mean… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months' corrected age (in children examined) · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention may leads to lower any neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 22 months' corrected age… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Bayley‐II MDI at 18 to 24 months Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition, yields 2 single age‐standardised composite scores (range 50 to 150): a Mental Development Index (MDI), which measures cognition through sensory perception, knowl... · preterm infants with low birth weight
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Necrotising enterocolitis (stage not reported) · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention probably leads to lower necrotising enterocolitis (stage not reported) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality during initial hospital stay (all causes of mortality) · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality during initial hospital stay (all causes of mortality) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Retinopathy of prematurity (stage ≥ 3) · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention showed no clear difference in retinopathy of prematurity (stage ≥ 3) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Intraventricular haemorrhage (grades III and IV) · preterm infants with low birth weight
The intervention probably leads to lower intraventricular haemorrhage (grades III and IV) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review