Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

355 questions · 361 findings · 45 reviews

No studies found 99 · 27.4%GRADE not reported 86 · 23.8%Very low 74 · 20.5%Low 55 · 15.2%Moderate 40 · 11.1%High 7 · 1.9%

Azelaic acid vs adapalene

Participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement · participants with acne

It is very uncertain whether azelaic acid changes participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement Improved to… compared with adapalene (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azelaic acid vs tretinoin

Participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement Good to excellent improvement (long term: treatment duration > 8 weeks) · participants with acne

Azelaic acid showed no clear difference in participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement Good to… compared with tretinoin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Salicylic acid vs pyruvic acid

Participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement Good to excellent improvement (medium term: treatment duration from 5 to 8 weeks) · participants with acne

It is very uncertain whether salicylic acid changes participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement Good to… compared with pyruvic acid (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Salicylic acid vs pyruvic acid

Withdrawal for any reason (medium term: treatment duration from 5 to 8 weeks) · participants with acne

Salicylic acid showed no clear difference in withdrawal for any reason (medium term: treatment duration from 5 to… compared with pyruvic acid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Salicylic acid vs tretinoin

Participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement Moderate to excellent improvement (long term: treatment duration > 8 weeks) · participants with acne

Salicylic acid showed no clear difference in participants' global self‐assessment of acne improvement Moderate to… compared with tretinoin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review