What do systematic reviews say?

Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care (e.g., training/education of non-dental primary care professionals, policy/financing and health-insurance changes, colocation of dental and medical services, interprofessional and community-health-worker collaboration, teledentistry, integrated oral health assessment tools, school-based activities) vs No integration / usual care (or pre-integration baseline; many included studies uncontrolled)

Integration strategies were generally associated with positive oral health knowledge, attitudes and perceptions among staff and patients (16 studies, narrative synthesis; ungraded).

• Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care: a systematic review. 2023 All outcomes

  Primary care, community, school, and aged-care/residential/nursing-home settings
  Knowledge/attitudes/perceptions of staff and patients was the second most studied outcome (n=16). Patient and staff perceptions on various aspects of the integration strategy were usually reported as positive.…
  16 studies
  GRADE not reported

Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care (e.g., training/education of non-dental primary care professionals, policy/financing and health-insurance changes, colocation of dental and medical services, interprofessional and community-health-worker collaboration, teledentistry, integrated oral health assessment tools, school-based activities) vs No integration / usual care (or pre-integration baseline; many included studies uncontrolled)

Key barriers to implementing integration strategies were time/staff/resource constraints and lack of organisational support, while facilitators were professionals' knowledge and attitudes and supportive governance/leadership (qualitative; ungraded).

• Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care: a systematic review. 2023 All outcomes

  Primary care, community, school, and aged-care/residential/nursing-home settings
  The most commonly studied qualitative outcomes were barriers and facilitators related to the strategy implementation process. Reported barriers were time and staff constraints, resource limitations and lack of…
  15 studies
  GRADE not reported

Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care (e.g., training/education of non-dental primary care professionals, policy/financing and health-insurance changes, colocation of dental and medical services, interprofessional and community-health-worker collaboration, teledentistry, integrated oral health assessment tools, school-based activities) vs No integration / usual care (or pre-integration baseline; many included studies uncontrolled)

Most studies reported improved oral disease outcomes with integration strategies (8 of 9 studies improved, 1 no change; 9 studies, narrative synthesis; ungraded).

• Strategies to integrate oral health into primary care: a systematic review. 2023 All outcomes

  Primary care, community, school, and aged-care/residential/nursing-home settings
  Nine studies reported oral disease outcomes, seven of which measured change in dental caries estimates. Eight of the nine studies reported improved oral disease outcomes; one (Vichayanrat 2012) reported no change in…
  9 studies
  GRADE not reported

Primary health professionals and lay health workers vs usual care

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 53 participants
  Very low

Primary health professionals and lay health workers vs usual care

• Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 134 participants
  Low

Peer support vs usual care

• Peer support interventions for parents and carers of children with complex needs 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 542 participants
  Low

Peer support vs usual care

• Peer support interventions for parents and carers of children with complex needs 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 293 participants
  Very low

Peer support vs usual care

• Peer support interventions for parents and carers of children with complex needs 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 143 participants
  Very low

Palliative care vs usual care

• Palliative care interventions for people with multiple sclerosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 58 participants
  Very low

Palliative care vs usual care

Palliative care showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Assessed by: number of participants… compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Palliative care interventions for people with multiple sclerosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.97 [0.44, 2.12]
  1 study · 76 participants
  Low

Palliative care vs usual care

Palliative care showed no clear difference in hospital admission Assessed by: number of participants admitted in… compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Palliative care interventions for people with multiple sclerosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.78 [0.24, 2.52]
  1 study · 76 participants
  Low

Palliative care vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Palliative care interventions for people with multiple sclerosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Palliative care vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Palliative care interventions for people with multiple sclerosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Palliative care vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Palliative care interventions for people with multiple sclerosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Palliative care vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Palliative care interventions for people with multiple sclerosis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Advance care planning vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Advance care planning vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Advance care planning vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Advance care planning vs usual care

• Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 67 participants
  Very low

Oral hygiene interventions (mechanical plaque removal): knowledge-based, behavioural, or skills training for people with ID or their carers vs Usual care, no care, or a similar alternative intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Oral hygiene interventions for people with intellectual disabilities 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No studies measured dental caries levels. One RCT (Shaw 1991, Comparison 5) assessed DMFT at baseline only and did not report caries at any later time point.
  0 studies
  No studies found