What do systematic reviews say?

CBT (plus taper) vs taper

CBT (plus taper) showed no clear difference in reduce BZDs> 50% ‐ post treatment Objective compared with taper (low certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for benzodiazepine harmful use, abuse or dependence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.93 [0.11, 8.18]
  3 studies · 178 participants
  Low

CBT (plus taper) vs taper

CBT (plus taper) showed no clear difference in reduce BZDs> 50% ‐ 12 month compared with taper (low certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for benzodiazepine harmful use, abuse or dependence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.07 [0.14, 8.21]
  2 studies · 125 participants
  Low

MI vs TAU

It is very uncertain whether MI changes successful discontinuation of BZDs‐ post treatment Objective and… compared with TAU (very low certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for benzodiazepine harmful use, abuse or dependence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.43 [0.16, 125.35]
  2 studies · 34 participants
  Very low
• Psychosocial interventions for benzodiazepine harmful use, abuse or dependence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.46 [0.53, 22.45]
  4 studies · 80 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Agonist pharmacological vs no intervention

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Agonist pharmacological showed no clear difference in drug use (objective) hair and urine analyses compared with no intervention (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.72 [0.51, 1]
  2 studies · 237 participants
  Low
• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.31, 1.18]
  3 studies · 317 participants
  Low
• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 510 participants
  Low

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Agonist pharmacological vs no intervention

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Agonist pharmacological showed no clear difference in criminal activity dichotomous ‐ Arrests official records compared with no intervention (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.6 [0.32, 1.14]
  1 study · 62 participants
  Low

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Agonist pharmacological vs no intervention

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Agonist pharmacological showed no clear difference in criminal activity dichotomous ‐ Re‐incarceration official records compared with no intervention (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.77 [0.36, 1.64]
  3 studies · 472 participants
  Low

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Agonist pharmacological vs no intervention

• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 51 participants
  Low

naltrexone vs no pharmacological

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Antagonost (Naltrexone) probably leads to lower criminal activity dichotomous ‐ Reincarceration official records compared with no pharmacological (moderate certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.4 [0.21, 0.74]
  2 studies · 114 participants
  Moderate

naltrexone vs no pharmacological

Summary of findings for the main comparisons: Antagonost (Naltrexone) showed no clear difference in drug use (objective) urine screen compared with no pharmacological (low certainty).

• Pharmacological interventions for drug‐using offenders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.69 [0.28, 1.7]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Low