Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,908 questions · 3,101 findings · 509 reviews

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No studies found 571 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 358 · 11.5%Very low 723 · 23.3%Low 854 · 27.5%Moderate 489 · 15.8%High 106 · 3.4%

Intervention not reported

Loss to · adult survivors of critical illness

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise rehabilitation following intensive care unit discharge for recovery from critical illness 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 483 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Other adverse events Non‐mortality · adult survivors of critical illness

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise rehabilitation following intensive care unit discharge for recovery from critical illness 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 376 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Changes in objective sleep variables (SEI, SFI, REM sleep) · critically ill patients

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 403 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Length of ICU stay · critically ill patients

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 45 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Subjective sleep quality or quantity · critically ill patients

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
18 studies · 1220 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Risk of delirium · critically ill patients

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 177 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Any adverse event · critically ill patients

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 72 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Mortality · critically ill patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Economic outcomes · critically ill patients

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in the intensive care unit 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Nurse‐led titration vs usual care

Hospital admissions · people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Nurse‐led titration leads to lower all‐cause hospital admissions compared with usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nurse‐led titration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, beta‐adrenergic blocking agents, and angiotensin… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.72, 0.88]
4 studies · 560 participants
High

Nurse‐led titration vs usual care

Heart failure hospitalisation (RR) · people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Nurse‐led titration probably leads to lower heart failure‐related hospital admissions compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nurse‐led titration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, beta‐adrenergic blocking agents, and angiotensin… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.51 [0.36, 0.72]
4 studies · 642 participants
Moderate

Nurse‐led titration vs usual care

All‐cause mortality · people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Nurse‐led titration probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nurse‐led titration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, beta‐adrenergic blocking agents, and angiotensin… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66 [0.48, 0.92]
6 studies · 902 participants
Moderate

Nurse‐led titration vs usual care

All‐cause event‐free survival · people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Nurse‐led titration probably leads to lower all‐cause event‐free survival compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nurse‐led titration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, beta‐adrenergic blocking agents, and angiotensin… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.46, 0.77]
3 studies · 370 participants
Moderate

Nurse‐led titration vs usual care

Proportion reaching target dose of medications · people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Nurse‐led titration may leads to higher proportion reaching target dose of medications compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nurse‐led titration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, beta‐adrenergic blocking agents, and angiotensin… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.99 [1.61, 2.47]
5 studies · 966 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Pain (at study completion) WOMAC (VAS or NRS) from 0 to 20; lower scores mean reduced pain · People with hip or knee osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 313 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Physical function (at study completion) WOMAC (self administered health status measure) from 0 to 68; lower scores mean better function · People with hip or knee osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 310 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Quality of life (at study completion) EuroQol (VAS) from 0 to 200 mm; higher score means better function · People with hip or knee osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 214 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects (related to the exercise programs) · People with hip or knee osteoarthritis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes adverse effects (related to the exercise programs) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Peto OR 1.72 [0.51, 5.81]
4 studies · 364 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Severe adverse events or withdrawals (due to adverse events) ‐ not reported · People with hip or knee osteoarthritis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Subgroup analysis: Exercise duration vs resistance

Pain ‐ duration exercise WOMAC (VAS or Likert) from 0 to 20 · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

1 finding from 1 review

High‐intensity versus low‐intensity physical activity or exercise in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 200 participants
Very low