Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,721 questions · 19,640 findings · 2,039 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,754 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 1,273 · 6.5%Very low 4,859 · 24.7%Low 5,568 · 28.4%Moderate 3,240 · 16.5%High 946 · 4.8%

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Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(295) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1153 participants
Low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1153 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(354) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 243 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2834) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 2109 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(0) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 253 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1774 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2134) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1309 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1309 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(889) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1421 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1421 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2578) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 1948 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(60) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 31 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2169) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 4007 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(621) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

2 findings from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1336 participants
Very low
Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1336 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(5032) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 4752 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(1003) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 533 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(242) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 182 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2693) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 3886 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2601) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 3615 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(4984) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 4688 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(513) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 369 participants
Very low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(939) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 2674 participants
Low

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(2384) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta‐analysis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
17 studies · 3692 participants
Low

Platelet‐rich growth factor + hyaluronic acid vs platelet‐rich growth factor

Ulcer healing · pressure ulcer

It is very uncertain whether platelet‐rich growth factor + hyaluronic acid changes complete ulcer healing compared with platelet‐rich growth factor (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dressings and topical agents containing hyaluronic acid for chronic wound healing 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.17 [0.58, 2.35]
1 study · 65 participants
Very low