Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,721 questions · 19,640 findings · 2,039 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 3,754 · 19.1%GRADE not reported 1,273 · 6.5%Very low 4,859 · 24.7%Low 5,568 · 28.4%Moderate 3,240 · 16.5%High 946 · 4.8%

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Automated mandatory bolus vs basal infusion

Instrumental delivery during labour epidural analgesia · term, pregnant women (nulliparous, or combination of nulli‐ and muliparous) requesting for labour epidural analgesia

Automated mandatory bolus showed no clear difference in instrumental delivery during labour epidural analgesia compared with basal infusion (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo

Rate of exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more exacerbations treated… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo

Patients with severe exacerbations (requiring hospitalisation or ER visit) · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more exacerbations requiring… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events due to any cause · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo

Withdrawals (parallel group trials/first arm cross‐over trials) · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in withdrawals from trial compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(1512) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(3774) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(3044) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(1935) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(543) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(4360) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…
2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: Immunotherapies vs placebo

(1941) · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…
2 findings from 1 review