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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

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Review versions

1,518 questions in 135 reviews · Infectious Diseases

current versions

No studies 135 · 8.9%Ungraded 150 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 23.1%Low 420 · 27.7%Moderate 321 · 21.1%High 142 · 9.4%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Intervention NR Length of hospital stay for inpatients · acute diarrhoea in children Racecadotril for acute diarrhoea in children (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 224 participants	Low
Intervention NR Adverse events: number of all types of adverse events · acute diarrhoea in children Racecadotril for acute diarrhoea in children (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.9 [0.66, 1.22]	5 studies · 688 participants	Low
Intervention NR Death · children with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.97 [0.77, 1.21]	13 studies · 1659 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Fever clearance time · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 716 participants	Low
Intervention NR Death · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	RR 1.8 [1.09, 2.97]	2 studies · 494 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Coma resolution time · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 494 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Neurological sequelae at discharge · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Intervention NR Parasite clearance time · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 494 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Fever clearance time · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 494 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Coma resolution time · children with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	6 studies · 358 participants	Low
Intervention NR Neurological sequelae at discharge · children with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.84 [0.66, 1.07]	7 studies · 968 participants	Low
Intervention NR Parasite clearance time · children with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	7 studies · 420 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Fever clearance time · children with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	8 studies · 457 participants	Low
Intervention NR Death · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.59 [0.42, 0.83]	4 studies · 716 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Coma resolution time · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 657 participants	Low
Intervention NR Neurological sequelae at discharge · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	RR 2.92 [0.31, 27.86]	1 study · 560 participants	Low
Intervention NR Parasite clearance time · adults with severe malaria Artemether for severe malaria (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 716 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Diarrhoea prevalence Cluster RCTs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.93 [0.84, 1.04]	2 studies · 12040 participants	Low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea incidence CBAs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	Rate ratio 0.77 [0.71, 0.84]	2 studies · 1028 participants	Very low
Intervention NR STH infection (any helminth) CBAs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	OR 0.17 [0.02, 0.73]	1 study · 99 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea Case‐control studies: child faeces disposal in latrine · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	OR 0.73 [0.62, 0.85]	17 studies · 32957 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea Case‐control studies: defecation of children in latrine · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	OR 0.54 [0.33, 0.9]	7 studies · 2996 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea incidence Cluster RCTs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	Rate ratio 0.71 [0.59, 0.86]	2 studies · 2549 participants	Low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea prevalence Controlled cohort studies: Sanitation Hygiene Education and Water Supply in Bangladesh (SHEWA‐B) intervention · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.91 [0.64, 1.28]	2 studies · 2000 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea prevalence Controlled cross‐sectional studies: Health Extension Package intervention (Ethiopia) · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	OR 0.26 [0.16, 0.42]	2 studies · 1660 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea prevalence RCTs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.92 [0.79, 1.07]	4 studies · 16033 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR STH infection (any helminth) RCTs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	RR 1.03 [0.64, 1.65]	2 studies · 3480 participants	Low
Intervention NR STH infection (any helminth) Controlled cross‐sectional study · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	RR 2.51 [1.74, 3.62]	1 study · 341 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea prevalence RCTs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.79 [0.49, 1.26]	2 studies · 9558 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Diarrhoea prevalence RCTs · adults and children Interventions to improve disposal of child faeces for preventing diarrhoea and soil‐transmitted helminth… (2019) · Cochrane	RR 1.15 [0.93, 1.41]	1 study · 3650 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Test result Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR False positives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR True positives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR False negatives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR True negatives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR False positives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Test result Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR True positives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR False negatives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR True negatives Lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay for detecting active tuberculosis in people living with HIV (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Malaria incidence · people at risk of malaria Larviciding to prevent malaria transmission (2019) · Cochrane	Rate ratio 0.24	4649 participants	Low
Intervention NR Parasite prevalence · people at risk of malaria Larviciding to prevent malaria transmission (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.26	5868 participants	Low
Intervention NR Malaria incidence · people at risk of malaria Larviciding to prevent malaria transmission (2019) · Cochrane	RR 1.58 [0.94, 2.65]	1793 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Parasite prevalence · people at risk of malaria Larviciding to prevent malaria transmission (2019) · Cochrane	RR 1.15 [0.41, 3.2]	3574 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Test result · HIV‐positive individuals Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal… (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR True positives (participants correctly classified as having tuberculosis) · HIV‐positive individuals Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal… (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	368 participants	Very low
Intervention NR False negatives (participants incorrectly classified as not having tuberculosis) · HIV‐positive individuals Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal… (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	368 participants	Very low
Intervention NR True negatives (participants correctly classified as not having tuberculosis) · HIV‐positive individuals Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal… (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	511 participants	Very low
Intervention NR False positives (participants incorrectly classified as having tuberculosis) · HIV‐positive individuals Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal… (2019) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	511 participants	Very low
Linezolid vs no linezolid Death · drug‐resistant pulmonary tuberculosis Linezolid for drug‐resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (2019) · Cochrane	RR 0.65 [0.12, 3.62]	1 study · 65 participants	Very low