Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

297 questions · 299 findings · 41 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 31 · 10.4%GRADE not reported 15 · 5%Very low 52 · 17.4%Low 116 · 38.8%Moderate 76 · 25.4%High 9 · 3%

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or short), or nasal masks) vs face mask

Mortality before hospital discharge · term and preterm infants resuscitated at birth, using positive pressure ventilation

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… showed no clear difference in death before discharge compared with face mask (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or short), or nasal masks) vs face mask

Intubation and mechanical ventilation in the DR · term and preterm infants resuscitated at birth, using positive pressure ventilation

It is very uncertain whether nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… changes intubation and mechanical ventilation in the DR compared with face mask (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or short), or nasal masks) vs face mask

Intubation and mechanical ventilation outside the DR during hospitalisation · term and preterm infants resuscitated at birth, using positive pressure ventilation

It is very uncertain whether nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… changes intubation and mechanical ventilation outside the DR during… compared with face mask (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or short), or nasal masks) vs face mask

Air leak (any) · term and preterm infants resuscitated at birth, using positive pressure ventilation

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… showed no clear difference in air leaks compared with face mask (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or short), or nasal masks) vs face mask

Oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age · term and preterm infants resuscitated at birth, using positive pressure ventilation

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… showed no clear difference in the need for supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks' corrected gestational… compared with face mask (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or short), or nasal masks) vs face mask

Cranial ultrasound abnormalities (IVH grade ≥ 3 or cystic periventricular leukomalacia) · term and preterm infants resuscitated at birth, using positive pressure ventilation

It is very uncertain whether nasal interfaces (single nasal prong, binasal prongs (long or… changes cranial ultrasound abnormalities (IVH grade ≥ 3 or cystic… compared with face mask (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Death ‒in the delivery room · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in death ‒in the delivery room compared with standard inflations (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Death at hospital discharge · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in death ‒before discharge compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Incidence of mechanical ventilation · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in rate of mechanical ventilation compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease ‒any grade compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Chronic lung disease ‐ moderate to severe BPD · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease ‒moderate to severe BPD compared with standard inflations (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Use of initial sustained inflation vs standard inflations

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · preterm infants resuscitated by PPV at birth

Use of initial sustained inflation showed no clear difference in cranial ultrasound abnormalities ‒Intraventricular haemorrhage grade… compared with standard inflations (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review