What do systematic reviews say?

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy may leads to lower acceptability. Participants experiencing troublesome adverse effects… compared with tricyclic antidepressant agent (low certainty).

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.68 [0.52, 0.88]
  3 studies · 604 participants
  Low

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 619 participants
  Low

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

It is very uncertain whether S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy changes acceptability Participants dropping out of treatment during the… compared with tricyclic antidepressant agent (very low certainty).

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.61 [0.28, 1.31]
  3 studies · 78 participants
  Very low

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

It is very uncertain whether S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy changes proportions of participants responding to treatment ≥ 50% reduction… compared with tricyclic antidepressant agent (very low certainty).

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.14 [0.83, 1.56]
  4 studies · 622 participants
  Very low

S‐adenosyl methionine as monotherapy vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• S‐adenosyl methionine (SAMe) for depression in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (pre‐operative PFMT + electrical stimulation versus pre‐operative PFMT)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (pre‐operative PFMT + electrical stimulation versus pre‐operative PFMT)

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 34 participants
  Very low

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (pre‐operative PFMT + electrical stimulation versus pre‐operative PFMT)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prevention of UI after radical: one active treatment vs another active treatment (pre‐operative PFMT + electrical stimulation versus pre‐operative PFMT)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Liberal vs restrictive transfusion protocols

Liberal showed no clear difference in 30‐day mortality compared with restrictive threshold transfusion (low certainty).

• Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.92 [0.67, 1.26]
  5 studies · 2683 participants
  Low

Liberal vs restrictive transfusion protocols

Liberal showed no clear difference in inability to walk 10 feet (3 m; or across a room) without human… compared with restrictive threshold transfusion (low certainty).

• Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.87, 1.15]
  2 studies · 2083 participants
  Low

Liberal vs restrictive transfusion protocols

Liberal showed no clear difference in thromboembolism (in hospital) compared with restrictive threshold transfusion (low certainty).

• Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.15 [0.56, 2.37]
  4 studies · 2416 participants
  Low

Liberal vs restrictive transfusion protocols

Liberal showed no clear difference in stroke (in hospital) compared with restrictive threshold transfusion (low certainty).

• Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.4 [0.85, 6.79]
  4 studies · 2416 participants
  Low

Liberal vs restrictive transfusion protocols

Liberal showed no clear difference in wound infection (in hospital) compared with restrictive threshold transfusion (low certainty).

• Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.61 [0.77, 3.35]
  3 studies · 2332 participants
  Low

Liberal vs restrictive transfusion protocols

It is very uncertain whether liberal changes cardiovascular events ‐ myocardial infarction compared with restrictive threshold transfusion (very low certainty).

• Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.59 [0.36, 0.96]
  3 studies · 2217 participants
  Very low

Liberal vs restrictive transfusion protocols

Liberal showed no clear difference in respiratory infections (namely pneumonia) compared with restrictive threshold transfusion (low certainty).

• Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.35 [0.95, 1.92]
  4 studies · 2416 participants
  Low

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) vs rTMS plus Tricyclic Anti‐depressant

It is very uncertain whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) changes hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM‐D); higher score means… compared with rTMS plus Tricyclic Anti‐depressant (very low certainty).

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for depression in adults and children with traumatic brain injury 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 63 participants
  Very low

Virtual reality temporal bone dissection training vs cadaveric temporal bone dissection training

• Virtual reality training for improving the skills needed for performing surgery of the ear, nose or throat 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 65 participants
  Low

Social competence vs usual curricula

Social competence showed no clear difference in marijuana use < 12 months Subjective compared with usual curricula (moderate certainty).

• Universal school‐based prevention for illicit drug use 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.81, 1.01]
  4 studies · 9456 participants
  Moderate

Combined programmes vs usual curricula

Combined programmes showed no clear difference in hard drug use < 12 months Subjective compared with usual curricula (high certainty).

• Universal school‐based prevention for illicit drug use 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.85 [0.63, 1.14]
  1 study · 693 participants
  High