Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,534 questions · 5,247 findings · 456 reviews

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No studies found 1,142 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 1,503 · 28.6%Very low 1,040 · 19.8%Low 869 · 16.6%Moderate 554 · 10.6%High 139 · 2.6%

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Resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish vs Fluoride varnish

Changes in decayed, missing and filled (DMF) figures at whole-mouth level · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pit and fissure sealants versus fluoride varnishes for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth of children and… 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 years
Splieth 2001: whole-mouth mean DMFS increased from 0.2 to 0.6 after 1 year and to 1.1 after 2 years; most caries on occlusal surfaces of first permanent molars (50.9%).
1 study · 92 participants
GRADE not reported

Clinical examination with risk-based recall vs Clinical examination with 6-month recall

Periodontitis (probing pocket depth) · Dentate adults (aged 18 years and older) receiving dental check-ups in UK general dental practices (regular attenders)

Clinical examination with risk-based recall showed no clear difference in periodontal disease: probing pocket depth (mm) compared with clinical examination with 6-month recall (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients 2020 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 years
MD 0.03 [-0.01, 0.07]
1 study · 1463 participants
High

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

CRM197‐PCV7in low‐risk infants · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
6
2 studies · 39530 participants
Moderate

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

CRM197‐PCV7in high‐risk infants · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 944 participants
Low

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

OMPC‐PCV7in low‐risk infants · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1666 participants
Low

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

PHiD‐CV10in low‐risk infants · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
6
2 studies · 12454 participants
Low

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

PHiD‐CV11in low‐risk infants · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
34
1 study · 4968 participants
Moderate

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

Adverse effects · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine vs control vaccine

CRM197‐PCV7in low‐risk infants OMPC‐PCV7in low‐risk infants PHiD‐PC10 and PHiD‐PC11 in low‐risk infants CRM197‐PCV7/9 and CRM197‐PCV7 plus TIVin older children · infants (predominantly < 6 months of age) and older children (aged 1 to 7 years)

1 finding from 1 review

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 77389 participants
High

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs usual care

Seizure freedom · children (aged 1 to 18 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

It is very uncertain whether ketogenic diet (KD) changes seizure freedom (100% reduction in seizure frequency) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.16 [1.2, 8.35]
4 studies · 385 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs usual care

Cognition and behaviour · adults (aged 16 years and over) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs usual care

Quality of life · adults (aged 16 years and over) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs usual care

Treatment withdrawal · adults (aged 16 years and over) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

It is very uncertain whether ketogenic diet (KD) changes treatment withdrawal compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 5.38 [0.42, 69.53]
2 studies · 141 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Seizure freedom · children (aged 4 months to 16 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 286 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency · children (aged 4 months to 16 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 286 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Adverse effects · children (aged 4 months to 16 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 286 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Cognition and behaviour · children (aged 4 months to 16 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Quality of life · children (aged 4 months to 16 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Attrition rate · children (aged 4 months to 16 years) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 286 participants
Very low

Ketogenic diet (KD) vs other KDs

Seizure freedom · adults (aged 18 years and over) with drug‐resistant epilepsy

1 finding from 1 review

Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 80 participants
Very low