Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

583 questions · 638 findings · 60 reviews · Infectious Diseases

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No studies found 54 · 8.5%GRADE not reported 98 · 15.4%Very low 118 · 18.5%Low 141 · 22.1%Moderate 141 · 22.1%High 86 · 13.5%

Intervention not reported

Specimen · children with presumed pulmonary tuberculosis Index tests: Xpert Ultra Role: an initial test Threshold for index tests: an automated…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay for tuberculosis disease and rifampicin resistance in children 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

All specimens · children with presumed pulmonary tuberculosis Index tests: Xpert Ultra Role: an initial test Threshold for index tests: an automated…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay for tuberculosis disease and rifampicin resistance in children 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Test result · people with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosisRole: an initial testIndex test: Xpert MTB/XDRThreshold for index test: an automated result…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

True positivespeople with pulmonary tuberculosis · people with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosisRole: an initial testIndex test: Xpert MTB/XDRThreshold for index test: an automated result…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 799 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

False negativespeople incorrectly classified as not having pulmonary tuberculosis · people with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosisRole: an initial testIndex test: Xpert MTB/XDRThreshold for index test: an automated result…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 799 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

True negativespeople without pulmonary tuberculosis · people with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosisRole: an initial testIndex test: Xpert MTB/XDRThreshold for index test: an automated result…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 429 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

False positivespeople incorrectly classified as having pulmonary tuberculosis · people with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosisRole: an initial testIndex test: Xpert MTB/XDRThreshold for index test: an automated result…

1 finding from 1 review

Xpert MTB/XDR for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and resistance to isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, ethionamide, and… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 429 participants
Very low

MDA vs no MDA

Confirmed malaria illness incidence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence)

It is very uncertain whether MDA changes confirmed malaria illness incidence compared with no MDA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mass drug administration for malaria 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 1.38 [0.97, 1.95]
2 studies · 3325 participants
Very low

MDA vs no MDA

Parasitaemia incidence · People of all ages living in an area with moderate to high endemicity of P falciparum malaria (≥ 10% prevalence)

MDA probably leads to lower parasitaemia incidence compared with no MDA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mass drug administration for malaria 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 0.61 [0.4, 0.92]
1 study · 739 participants
Moderate

MDA vs no MDA

Confirmed malaria illness incidence · People of all ages living in an area with moderate to high endemicity of P falciparum malaria (≥ 10% prevalence)

MDA showed no clear difference in confirmed malaria illness incidence compared with no MDA (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mass drug administration for malaria 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 0.41 [0.04, 4.42]
1 study · 144422 participants
Low

MDA vs no MDA

Parasitaemia incidence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria ( < 10% prevalence)

MDA probably leads to lower parasitaemia incidence compared with no MDA (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mass drug administration for malaria 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 0.37 [0.21, 0.66]
1 study · 736 participants
Moderate

MDA vs no MDA

Confirmed malaria illness incidence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria ( < 10% prevalence)

It is very uncertain whether MDA changes confirmed malaria illness incidence compared with no MDA (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Mass drug administration for malaria 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 0.58 [0.12, 2.73]
2 studies · 130651 participants
Very low
Mass drug administration for malaria 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Rate ratio 0.77 [0.2, 3.03]
1 study · 23251 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

True positives (patients with P vivax malaria) · people presenting with symptoms of uncomplicated malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium vivax malaria in endemic countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

False negatives (patients incorrectly classified as not having P vivax malaria) · people presenting with symptoms of uncomplicated malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium vivax malaria in endemic countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

True negatives (patients without P vivax malaria) · people presenting with symptoms of uncomplicated malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium vivax malaria in endemic countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

False positives(patients incorrectly classified as having P vivax malaria) · people presenting with symptoms of uncomplicated malaria

1 finding from 1 review

Rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium vivax malaria in endemic countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HIV infection status of the child · HIV‐positive women during pregnancy and immediate postpartum period

The intervention showed no clear difference in HIV infection status of the child (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother‐to‐child HIV transmission 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.91, 1.26]
5 studies · 4428 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Mean birthweight · HIV‐positive women during pregnancy and immediate postpartum period

The intervention showed no clear difference in mean birthweight (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother‐to‐child HIV transmission 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 34.12
3 studies · 2181 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Low birthweight · HIV‐positive women during pregnancy and immediate postpartum period

The intervention probably leads to lower low birthweight (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother‐to‐child HIV transmission 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.78 [0.63, 0.97]
3 studies · 1819 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Child death by two years of age · HIV‐positive women during pregnancy and immediate postpartum period

The intervention showed no clear difference in child death by two years of age (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother‐to‐child HIV transmission 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06 [0.92, 1.22]
3 studies · 3883 participants
Low