Intervention not reported
Duloxetine RCTs: 26 Participants: 7952 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine (all doses combined), milnacipran (all doses combined), mirtazapine (all doses…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
26 participants
Moderate
Intervention not reported
Milnacipran RCTs: 5 Participants: 3109 · people with chronic pain Interventions: duloxetine (all doses combined), milnacipran (all doses combined), mirtazapine (all doses…
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
5 participants
Moderate
Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants
Caffeine showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality prior to hospital discharge№ of participants:… compared with other methylxanthines (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.12 [0.68, 1.84]
Studies not reported
Low
f) Hearing impairment (requiring amplification) № of participants: 6(1 RCT) · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · preterm infants
Caffeine showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease: defined as 28 days… compared with other methylxanthines (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.4 [0.92, 2.11]
Studies not reported
Low
Side effects (tachycardia, agitation, or feed intolerance) leading to a reduction in dose or withholding of methylxanthines№ of participants: 30(1 RCT) · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes side effects (tachycardia, agitation, or feed intolerance) leading… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.17 [0.02, 1.32]
Studies not reported
Very low
Length of hospital stay · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low
Seizures · preterm infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Moderate‐severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 26 months ‐ not measured · preterm infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cerebral palsy · preterm infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
b) Gross motor disability defined as ≥ level 2 according to the GMFCS · preterm infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: cognitive delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.17 [0.02, 1.37]
Studies not reported
Very low
c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: language delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.76 [0.37, 1.58]
Studies not reported
Very low
c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: motor delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.5 [0.13, 1.96]
Studies not reported
Very low
d) Mental development IQ > 2 SD below the mean · preterm infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Visual impairment · preterm infants
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Dental caries · 12-year-old children (permanent dentition) in Africa
Pooled mean DMFT in Sudan was 0.49 (95% CI 0.461 to 0.519; 1 article(s); not GRADE-rated).
9 findings from 1 review
Show 6 more findings
MEAN 0.91 [0.295, 1.525]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
MEAN 1.69 [1.463, 1.917]
1 study
GRADE not reported
MEAN 0.994 [0.731, 1.257]
14 studies
GRADE not reported
MEAN 1.802 [1.492, 2.111]
6 studies
GRADE not reported
MEAN 1.005 [0.797, 1.212]
10 studies
GRADE not reported
MEAN 0.61 [0.314, 0.902]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Adverse events due to periodontal therapy · People with periodontitis and metabolic syndrome (no CVD; primary prevention)
It is very uncertain whether scaling and root planing (SRP) plus antibiotics (amoxicillin and… changes adverse events due to periodontal therapy compared with supragingival scaling (plus placebo) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cardiovascular events · People with periodontitis and metabolic syndrome (no CVD; primary prevention)
It is very uncertain whether scaling and root planing (SRP) plus antibiotics (amoxicillin and… changes all cardiovascular events compared with supragingival scaling (plus placebo) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All CVD-related death · People with periodontitis and metabolic syndrome (no CVD; primary prevention)
It is very uncertain whether scaling and root planing (SRP) plus antibiotics (amoxicillin and… changes all CVD-related death compared with supragingival scaling (plus placebo) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review