Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,248 questions in 108 reviews · Stroke
current versionsNo studies 275 · 22%Ungraded 56 · 4.5%Very low 269 · 21.6%Low 349 · 28%Moderate 216 · 17.3%High 83 · 6.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Death · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Stroke · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Infection rate Short term (0 to 30 days) · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Infection rate Long term (30 to 365 days) · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Blood loss during the procedure · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Length of hospital stay · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Procedure‐related costs · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Microsurgical clipping vs endovascular coiling Death · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 106 participants | Very low |
Microsurgical clipping vs endovascular coiling Stroke · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 104 participants | Very low |
Microsurgical clipping vs endovascular coiling Infection rate Short term (0 to 30 days) · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Microsurgical clipping vs endovascular coiling Infection rate Long term (30 to 365 days) · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Microsurgical clipping vs endovascular coiling Blood loss during the procedure · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Microsurgical clipping vs endovascular coiling Length of hospital stay · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 134 participants | Very low |
Microsurgical clipping vs endovascular coiling Procedure‐related costs · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Conservative treatment vs endovascular coiling Morbidity (GOS) · people with unruptured intracranial aneurysms Treatments for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
DPP4i vs placebo Cardiovascular mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1 [0.91, 1.09] | 6 studies · 47968 participants | High |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Cardiovascular mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.79, 0.95] | 6 studies · 46093 participants | High |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Myocardial infarction (fatal or non‐fatal) · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.89 [0.78, 1.01] | 5 studies · 42910 participants | Moderate |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Stroke (fatal or non‐fatal) · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.77, 0.98] | 5 studies · 42910 participants | High |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo All‐cause mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.88 [0.82, 0.95] | 7 studies · 46393 participants | High |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Hospitalisation for HF · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.95 [0.85, 1.06] | 6 studies · 36930 participants | High |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Worsening renal function · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.61 [0.44, 0.84] | 1 study · 3297 participants | Low |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Hypoglycaemia · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 37038 participants | Low |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Pancreatitis · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.96 [0.68, 1.35] | 5 studies · 40035 participants | Low |
GLP‐1RA vs placebo Fracture · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
SGLT2i vs placebo Cardiovascular mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.82 [0.7, 0.95] | 5 studies · 24962 participants | Moderate |
DPP4i vs placebo Myocardial infarction (fatal or non‐fatal) · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.97 [0.88, 1.08] | 4 studies · 42334 participants | High |
SGLT2i vs placebo Myocardial infarction (fatal or non‐fatal) · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.97 [0.84, 1.12] | 2 studies · 15266 participants | High |
SGLT2i vs placebo Stroke (fatal or non‐fatal) · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.12 [0.92, 1.36] | 2 studies · 15266 participants | Moderate |
SGLT2i vs placebo All‐cause mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.84 [0.74, 0.96] | 5 studies · 24962 participants | Moderate |
SGLT2i vs placebo Hospitalisation for HF · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.65 [0.59, 0.71] | 5 studies · 24962 participants | High |
SGLT2i vs placebo Worsening renal function · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.59 [0.43, 0.82] | 2 studies · 8474 participants | Moderate |
SGLT2i vs placebo Hypoglycaemia · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.9 [0.75, 1.07] | 4 studies · 21232 participants | Moderate |
SGLT2i vs placebo Pancreatitis · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.85 [0.39, 1.86] | 1 study · 8246 participants | Low |
SGLT2i vs placebo Fracture · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.02 [0.88, 1.18] | 5 studies · 24962 participants | High |
DPP4i vs placebo Stroke (fatal or non‐fatal) · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1 [0.87, 1.14] | 5 studies · 42588 participants | High |
DPP4i vs placebo All‐cause mortality · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.03 [0.96, 1.11] | 6 studies · 47968 participants | High |
DPP4i vs placebo Hospitalisation for HF · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 0.99 [0.8, 1.23] | 4 studies · 42334 participants | Moderate |
DPP4i vs placebo Worsening renal function · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.08 [0.88, 1.33] | 1 study · 16492 participants | Low |
DPP4i vs placebo Hypoglycaemia · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.11 [0.95, 1.29] | 3 studies · 25842 participants | Moderate |
DPP4i vs placebo Pancreatitis · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1.63 [1.12, 2.37] | 5 studies · 47684 participants | Moderate |
DPP4i vs placebo Fracture · CVD (ASCVD, HF, or both) Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium‐glucose… (2021) · Cochrane | OR 1 [0.83, 1.19] | 1 study · 16492 participants | Moderate |
Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care vs alternative service Poor outcome by the end of scheduled · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.77 [0.69, 0.87] | 26 studies · 5336 participants | Moderate |
Stroke ward vs general medical ward Death or institutional care by the end of scheduled · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.74 [0.63, 0.87] | 13 studies · 2924 participants | Moderate |
Stroke ward vs general medical ward Death or dependency by the end of scheduled · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.75 [0.64, 0.88] | 12 studies · 2839 participants | Moderate |
Stroke ward vs general medical ward Subjective health status score Participant quality of life (Nottingham Health Profile; Quality of Life Scale) · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 535 participants | Very low |
Stroke ward vs general medical ward Patient satisfaction or preference · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Stroke ward vs general medical ward Length of stay (days) in a hospital or institution (Analysis 2.5) · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | SMD 0.13 | 10 studies · 2547 participants | Low |
Mobile stroke team vs general medical ward Poor outcome by the end of scheduled · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | OR 0.8 [0.52, 1.22] | 2 studies · 438 participants | Low |
Mobile stroke team vs general medical ward Death by the end of scheduled · adults with acute stroke Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis (2020) · Cochrane | OR 1.08 [0.71, 1.65] | 2 studies · 438 participants | Low |