Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

296 questions · 315 findings · 41 reviews · Neonatal

No studies found 70 · 22.2%GRADE not reported 6 · 1.9%Very low 76 · 24.1%Low 92 · 29.2%Moderate 57 · 18.1%High 14 · 4.4%

Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment

Nutritional rickets ‐ biochemical Alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphate levels. · term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Vitamin D given to lactating mothers may leads to lower nutritional rickets ‐ biochemical Alkaline phosphatase, calcium and… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids vs no treatment or placebo

Need for nasal continuous positive airway pressure · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn

It is very uncertain whether inhaled corticosteroids changes need for nasal continuous positive airway pressure compared with no treatment or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

BPD or death by it prior to 37 weeks' PMA (outcomes collected through first event: death, hospital discharge, hospital transfer, or 120 days after birth) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in BPD or death by it prior to 37 weeks' PMA (outcomes collected… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Severe (grade 3 or greater) intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on cranial ultrasound ‐ not reported · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in severe IVH (grade 3 or 4) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Any late‐onset sepsis ‐ all infants · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in late‐onset sepsis (> 72 hours of age) compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Necrotizing enterocolitis (suspected or proven) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in suspected or proven NEC compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Type 1 ROP or death before determination of ROP outcome using the adjudicated ROP outcome · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in type 1 ROP or death before determination of ROP outcome using the… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

Type 1 ROP including adjudicated ROP outcome · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in type 1 ROP including adjudicated ROP outcome compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral administration (repeat doses of 80 mg/kg/day) in preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' PMA vs placebo

All‐cause mortality (outcome collected through first event: death, hospital discharge, hospital transfer, or 120 days after birth) · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Inositol supplementation IV initially followed by enteral… showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (outcome collected through first event: death,… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review