Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

957 questions · 979 findings · 250 reviews

No studies found 159 · 16.2%GRADE not reported 75 · 7.7%Very low 264 · 27%Low 303 · 30.9%Moderate 138 · 14.1%High 40 · 4.1%

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U vs placebo

Participant assessment of success by analysing scores and scales ‐ 20 weeks (Validated tools, wrinkles and lines at maximum contraction) · glabellar lines

Summary of Findings Table ‐ AbobotulinumtoxinA 50U leads to higher participant assessment of success by analysing scores and scales ‐… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Relationship building/rapport Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used across studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Empathy Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a 5‐ to 9‐point Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Relationship building/rapport Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Information gathering about patient perspectives/concerns Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Specific communication techniques Different scales used by different studies, some dichotomous outcomes Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students

The intervention may leads to lower specific communication techniques Different scales used by different… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall communication skills Different scales used by different studies: total scores vary across communication items or average score on a Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Empathy Different scales used by different studies: average empathy score across several items or average score on a 5‐ to 9‐point Likert scale Based on assessments occurring immediately and up to 12 months after intervention delivery · pre‐registration medical students
1 finding from 1 review

Early active flexion plus controlled passive exercise regimen vs controlled passive exercise regimen following surgery

Functional assessment using a patient reported outcome measure: · participants undergoing rehabilitation following surgery for flexor tendon injuries of the handa
2 findings from 1 review

Place and hold exercise regimen vs controlled passive exercise regimen following surgery

Functional assessment using a patient reported outcome measure: · participants undergoing rehabilitation following surgery for flexor tendon injuries of the handa
2 findings from 1 review

Active exercise regimen vs an immobilisation regimen following surgery

Functional assessment using a patient reported outcome measure: · participants undergoing rehabilitation following surgery for flexor tendon injuries of the handa

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Patient satisfaction Art of Medicine Questionnaire AMQ (range 0 to 5) Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire DTSQ (range not reported) Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care questionnaire (PACIC) Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Provid...
1 finding from 1 review