What do systematic reviews say?

LongoVital (herbal plus vitamin component) vs LongoVital (herbal component alone)

• Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  4 months
  Reported adverse events were minor and evenly distributed between the groups (Kolseth 2005).
  1 study · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

Glucosamine sulfate (oral) vs ibuprofen

Glucosamine sulfate (oral) led to lower pain during function (proportion without significant improvement) compared with ibuprofen (oral); GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  90 days
  Six participants in the glucosamine group did not experience significant improvement in TMJ pain compared with seven in the ibuprofen group (Analysis 3.1); Fisher's exact test P = 0.73 (not significant, per the authors).
  1 study · 45 participants
  GRADE not reported

Titanium (Procera) abutment vs Gold-alloy (machined UCLA) abutment

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  4 years
  100% success, no prosthetic complications, and a similar loss of marginal bone (0.4 mm) in both groups (narrative)
  1 study · 20 participants
  GRADE not reported

Topical clobetasol propionate 0.025% vs clobetasol cream 0.05% cream

• Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Table 3 (Side-effects). Carbone 2009: no side-effects.
  1 study · 35 participants
  GRADE not reported

Clobetasol-17-propionate 0.025% lipid-loaded microspheres vs Clobetasol propionate 0.025% ointment

Clobetasol-17-propionate 0.025% lipid-loaded microspheres led to lower pain reduction (VAS 0-100) compared with conventional 0.025% clobetasol lipophilic ointment in hydrophilic…; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  MD -18.30 [-28.57, -8.03]
  1 study · 45 participants
  GRADE not reported

Prednisone (oral, commencing 25 mg with phased dose reduction over 2 months) vs Montelukast (leukotriene receptor antagonist)

• Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 months
  The study reported more drug-related adverse effects for those treated with prednisone than montelukast.
  1 study · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

Leukotriene receptor antagonist vs placebo

Montelukast (leukotriene receptor antagonist; 10 mg daily for 1… led to lower pain (visual analogue scale) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  2 months
  MD -1.15 [-1.46, -0.84]
  1 study · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

RDP with I-bar clasps / mesial rests vs RDP with circumferential clasps / distal rests

RDP with I-bar clasps / mesial rests showed no clear difference in treatment success (5-year) compared with RDP with circumferential clasps / distal rests; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for replacing missing teeth: partially absent dentition 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes

  5 years
  HR 0.58 [0.25, 1.34]
  1 study · 134 participants
  GRADE not reported

LongoVital (herbal component alone) vs placebo

• Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers) 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Reported adverse events were minor and evenly distributed between the groups (Kolseth 2005). 'Very few and mostly harmless side-effects' were observed (Bratel 2005).
  2 studies
  GRADE not reported

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) spray vs Placebo (spray base without CMC / water)

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Donatsky 1982 (crossover, n=15, Sjogren's syndrome): CMC spray had a similar effect on oral dryness to the spray base, but was more effective than water. Paired crossover data not presented; effect size not estimable.
  1 study · 15 participants
  GRADE not reported

Camomile vs placebo

Camomile showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Median 28 days
  RR 0.89 [0.62, 1.27]
  1 study · 164 participants
  GRADE not reported

Indigo wood root vs saline placebo

Indigo wood root showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (moderate to severe) compared with saline (placebo); GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Median 28 days
  RR 0.75 [0.5, 1.1]
  1 study · 20 participants
  GRADE not reported

Sucralfate vs placebo or usual care

Sucralfate showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (any severity) compared with placebo/usual care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Median 28 days
  RR 0.98 [0.88, 1.1]
  3 studies · 222 participants
  Moderate

Intestinal trefoil factor vs placebo

Intestinal trefoil factor showed no clear difference in oral mucositis (severe) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Median 28 days
  RR 1.52 [0.06, 36.39]
  1 study · 99 participants
  GRADE not reported

Reservoir biteguard device releasing a saliva substitute (with KY jelly + Saliva Orthana) vs Biteguard without reservoir (with KY jelly + Saliva Orthana)

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  More in the reservoir group experienced relief of an oral impact and fewer a new impact (OIDP), but no difference in the total impact score between groups.
  1 study · 86 participants
  GRADE not reported

Breastfeeding (post cleft-lip surgery) vs Spoon-feeding

Breastfeeding (post cleft-lip surgery) led to higher weight (kg) compared with spoon-feeding; GRADE not reported.

• Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  6 weeks post-surgery
  MD 0.47 [0.20, 0.74]
  1 study · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

Zinc sulphate vs placebo

Zinc sulphate led to lower oral mucositis (severe) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Median 28 days
  RR 0.05 [0, 0.75]
  1 study · 27 participants
  GRADE not reported

Maternal advice and support (feeding techniques/breastfeeding positions) vs Usual care (no additional advice/support)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No trials were identified that examined the effect of additional maternal support or advice during breastfeeding (or bottle-feeding); no studies evaluated the effectiveness of this intervention (plain-language summary…
  0 studies
  No studies found

Saliva stimulant lozenge (sorbitol, Sorbee) vs Saliva substitute spray

Saliva stimulant lozenge (sorbitol, Sorbee) led to lower patient preference compared with saliva substitute spray (MouthKote); GRADE not reported.

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Stewart 1998: no statistically significant difference in patient preference between lozenge and spray (Analysis 2.3).
  1 study · 80 participants
  GRADE not reported

Consumption of xylitol chewing gum by women (mothers) vs Profylin lozenge (xylitol/sorbitol + CMC)

• Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies 2011 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Patients ranked gum and lozenge equal for preference.
  1 study · 18 participants
  GRADE not reported