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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,112 questions in 171 reviews · Eyes and Vision
current versionsNo studies 587 · 27.8%Ungraded 95 · 4.5%Very low 446 · 21.1%Low 557 · 26.4%Moderate 361 · 17.1%High 66 · 3.1%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Tocilizumab weekly vs placebo + 26‐week taper Adverse events at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.96, 1.09] | 1 study · 150 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Proportion of participants with sustained remission (as defined by study investigators) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3.01 [1.57, 5.75] | 1 study · 100 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Proportion of participants with relapse‐free survival at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.48 [1.08, 2.03] | 1 study · 100 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Proportion of all‐cause mortality at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Mean time to first relapse after induction of remission (weeks) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Cumulative mean dose of corticosteroids at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Proportion of participants who did not need escape therapy (as defined by study investigators) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.49 [1.04, 2.14] | 1 study · 100 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Mean change in quality of life at ≥ 12 months using the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey physical component score (SF‐36 PCS) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | MD 5.51 [0.82, 10.2] | 1 study · 44 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Mean change in quality of life at ≥ 12 months using the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey mental component score (SF‐36 MCS) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 44 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Mean change in VAS (higher scores suggest greater disease activity and worse quality of life) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 44 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every 4 weeks vs placebo Mean time to first relapse after induction of remission (weeks) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | MD 25 [11.4, 38.6] | 1 study · 30 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 52‐week taper Adverse events at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.94, 1.15] | 1 study · 100 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Proportion of participants with sustained remission (as defined by study investigators) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3.79 [1.82, 7.91] | 1 study · 99 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Proportion of participants with relapse‐free survival at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 2.36 [1.53, 3.64] | 1 study · 99 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Proportion of all‐cause mortality at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Mean time to first relapse after induction of remission (weeks) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Cumulative mean dose of corticosteroids at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Proportion of participants who did not need escape therapy (as defined by study investigators) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.27, 1.54] | 1 study · 99 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Mean change in quality of life at ≥ 12 months using the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey physical component score (SF‐36 PCS) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | MD 0.63 | 1 study · 35 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Mean change in quality of life at ≥ 12 months using the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey mental component score (SF‐36 MCS) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 35 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Mean change in VAS (higher scores suggest greater disease activity and worse quality of life) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 37 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every 4 weeks vs placebo Cumulative mean dose of corticosteroids at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every other week vs placebo + 26‐week taper Adverse events at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.92, 1.08] | 1 study · 99 participants | Moderate |
Tocilizumab every 4 weeks vs placebo Proportion of participants who did not need escape therapy (as defined by study investigators) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every 4 weeks vs placebo Mean change in quality of life at ≥ 12 months using the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey physical component score (SF‐36 PCS) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every 4 weeks vs placebo Mean change in quality of life at ≥ 12 months using the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey mental component score (SF‐36 MCS) · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Tocilizumab every 4 weeks vs placebo Mean change in VAS (higher scores suggest greater disease activity and worse quality of life) at ≥ 12 months · adults aged over 50 years with giant cell arteritis Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Mean number of days from treatment initiation to resolution of symptoms or signs (shorter is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Any intervention vs steroid alone or plus levofloxacin Proportion of participants with resolution of symptoms within 7 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Any intervention vs steroid alone or plus levofloxacin Proportion of participants with resolution of signs within 7 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Any intervention vs steroid alone or plus levofloxacin Proportion of eyes in which SEI had developed within 21 days of treatment (lower is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.08 [0.01, 0.55] | 2 studies · 69 participants | Very low |
Any intervention vs steroid alone or plus levofloxacin Proportion of participants in whose eyes SEI had disappeared within 4 weeks of treatment initiation (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Any intervention vs steroid alone or plus levofloxacin Proportion of participants who discontinued medication and did not develop rebound SEI within 21 days (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.94, 1.14] | 3 studies · 231 participants | Very low |
Any intervention vs steroid alone or plus levofloxacin Proportion of participants who had evidence of adenoviral eradication by day 14 after initiation of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Any intervention vs steroid alone or plus levofloxacin Proportion of initially unaffected fellow eyes that had signs/symptoms of infection within 7 days of onset of signs/symptoms in the first eye (lower is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Mean number of days from treatment initiation to resolution of symptoms or signs (shorter is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Proportion of participants with resolution of symptoms within 7 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.07, 15.15] | 1 study · 52 participants | Very low |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Proportion of participants with resolution of signs within 7 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Proportion of participants with resolution of symptoms within 10 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.15 [1.07, 1.24] | 2 studies · 409 participants | Low |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Proportion of participants in whose eyes SEI had developed within 21 days of treatment (lower is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 2.2 [0.89, 5.41] | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Proportion of participants in whose eyes SEI had disappeared within 21 days of treatment initiation (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Proportion of participants who discontinued medication and did not develop rebound SEI within 21 days (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Proportion of participants who had evidence of adenoviral eradication within 14 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Topical steroid vs artificial tears Proportion of initially unaffected fellow eyes that had signs/symptoms of infection within 7 days of onset of signs/symptoms in the first eye (lower is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Proportion of participants with resolution of signs within 10 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | 3.19 [2.29, 4.45] | 2 studies · 409 participants | Low |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Proportion of participants in whose eyes SEIs had developed within 30 days of treatment initiation (lower is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.24 [0.1, 0.56] | 2 studies · 77 participants | Very low |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Proportion of participants in whose eyes SEI had disappeared within 21 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.34 [0.88, 2.04] | 2 studies · 156 participants | Very low |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Proportion of participants who discontinued medication and did not develop rebound SEI within 21 days (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Proportion of participants who had evidence of adenoviral eradication within 14 days of treatment (higher is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
Any intervention vs artificial tears or saline Proportion of initially unaffected fellow eyes that had signs/symptoms of infection within 7 days of onset of signs/symptoms in the first eye (lower is favored) · epidemic keratoconjunctivitis Topical pharmacologic interventions versus placebo for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |