Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

358 questions · 403 findings · 68 reviews

No studies found 43 · 10.7%GRADE not reported 121 · 30%Very low 128 · 31.8%Low 66 · 16.4%Moderate 33 · 8.2%High 12 · 3%

Resin-modified glass ionomer (Vitremer) vs Amalgam restoration

Marginal integrity, wear, surface texture, staining and secondary caries (Ryge criteria) at 6-12 months · Children aged 12 years or younger with tooth decay involving at least one tooth in the primary dentition, symptomatic or symptom free
1 finding from 1 review
  • Marginal integrity, wear, surface texture, axial contour, staining and secondary caries (Ryge criteria) at 6 and 12 months: odds ratios not estimable - no events recorded, implying equal performance of the two materials.
    1 study · 60 participants
    GRADE not reported

Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) vs Implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO)

Altered chin or lower lip skin sensation (binary) · Edentulous patients requiring improved denture retention

Preprosthetic surgery for a conventional denture (PPS) led to lower morbidity: altered sensation of the lower lip and chin compared with implant retained overdenture (dental implants) (IRO); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphoric etching (acid) gel vs Mechanical debridement and polishing

Side effects (pain) · Adults with dental implants and healthy peri-implant soft tissues at baseline
1 finding from 1 review

Phosphoric etching (acid) gel vs Mechanical debridement and polishing

Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · Adults with dental implants and healthy peri-implant soft tissues at baseline

Phosphoric etching (acid) gel showed no clear difference in change in probing pocket depth compared with mechanical debridement and polishing; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphoric etching (acid) gel vs Mechanical debridement and polishing

Plaque · Adults with dental implants and healthy peri-implant soft tissues at baseline

Phosphoric etching (acid) gel showed no clear difference in plaque compared with mechanical debridement and polishing; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Nickel-titanium archwire vs Stainless steel archwire

Amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

It is very uncertain whether nickel-titanium archwire changes amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks compared with stainless steel archwire (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nickel-titanium archwire vs Multistranded stainless steel archwire

Harms (pain) · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth
1 finding from 1 review
  • Orthodontic treatment for crowded teeth in children 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
    first days
    No difference in overall pain, but more pain with nickel-titanium at 12 hours and day 1 (morning, afternoon, bedtime) vs multistranded stainless steel (Sandhu 2013). Narrative; no pooled estimate.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Nickel-titanium archwire vs Multistranded stainless steel archwire

Amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

It is very uncertain whether nickel-titanium archwire changes amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks compared with multistranded stainless steel archwire (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus vs mycophenolate mofetil to maintain remission

Primary outcome: partial clinical response · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in number with partial response at one year compared with mycophenolate mofetil to maintain remission (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tacrolimus vs mycophenolate mofetil to maintain remission

Number with steroid resistance by one year · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in number with steroid resistance by one year compared with mycophenolate mofetil to maintain remission (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural analgesia vs systemic analgesia

Vomiting · children having undergone thoraco‐lumbar spine surgery. 3 trials included in the analysis contained participants older than 18 years:…

Epidural analgesia showed no clear difference in vomiting up to 48 hours after surgery compared with systemic analgesia (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epidural analgesia vs systemic analgesia

Return of gastrointestinal function · children having undergone thoraco‐lumbar spine surgery. 3 trials included in the analysis contained participants older than 18 years:…

It is very uncertain whether epidural analgesia changes return of gastrointestinal function compared with systemic analgesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review