Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

269 questions · 269 findings · 25 reviews · Hepato-Biliary

No studies found 87 · 32.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 117 · 43.5%Low 48 · 17.8%Moderate 14 · 5.2%High 3 · 1.1%

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) vs TACE alone

Mortality Number of deaths at maximum · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus transarterial… may leads to lower all‐cause mortality (at maximum 1‐year compared with TACE alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) vs TACE alone

Complete response plus partial response Length of · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus transarterial… may leads to higher complete response plus partial response Length of compared with TACE alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) vs TACE alone

Elevated total bilirubin Length of · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus transarterial… changes elevated total bilirubin Length of compared with TACE alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) vs chemoembolisation

All‐cause mortality (at 1 year) · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) changes all‐cause mortality (at 1 year) compared with transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser ablation vs radiofrequency ablation

Cancer‐related mortality at maximal · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether laser ablation changes cancer‐related mortality at maximal compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laser ablation vs radiofrequency ablation

Serious adverse events (number of participants) · people with early‐ or very early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma ineligible for surgery

It is very uncertain whether laser ablation changes serious adverse events (number of participants) compared with radiofrequency ablation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review