Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

470 questions · 477 findings · 110 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 68 · 14.3%GRADE not reported 41 · 8.6%Very low 143 · 30%Low 133 · 27.9%Moderate 73 · 15.3%High 19 · 4%

Immunosuppressive treatment vs placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment

Adverse events ‐ temporary or permanent discontinuation/hospitalisation at final · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome

Immunosuppressive treatment probably leads to higher adverse events: temporary/permanent discontinuation or… compared with placebo/no treatment/non‐immunosuppressive supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

MST vs ECT ‐ adverse events that led to discontinuation of treatment (short term) · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review

Azathioprine vs methotrexate

Adverse event causing death or study drug discontinuation · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

Azathioprine showed no clear difference in adverse events causing death or study drug discontinuation compared with methotrexate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs placebo

Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in adverse events causing study drug discontinuation compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs NPH insulin

AEs other than hypoglycaemia (1) SAE (2) Overall AE (3) AE leading to discontinuation

Insulin detemir showed no clear difference in AEs other than hypoglycaemia (1) SAE (2) Overall AE (3) AE leading… compared with NPH insulin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Insulin glargine vs NPH insulin

AEs other than hypoglycaemia (1) SAE (2) Overall AE (3) AE leading to discontinuation

Insulin glargine showed no clear difference in AEs other than hypoglycaemia (1) SAE (2) Overall AE (3) AE leading… compared with NPH insulin (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regimens containing quinolone vs regimens containing cephalosporin

Adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to discontinuation of therapy · women with PID

It is very uncertain whether regimens containing quinolone changes adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to… compared with regimens containing cephalosporins (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regimens containing nitroimidazole vs no nitroimidazole

Adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to discontinuation of therapy · women with PID

Regimens containing nitroimidazole showed no clear difference in adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to… compared with no nitroimidazole (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clindamycin plus aminoglycoside vs regimens containing quinolone

Adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to discontinuation of therapy · women with PID

It is very uncertain whether regimens containing clindamycin plus aminoglycoside changes adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to… compared with regimens containing quinolone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clindamycin plus aminoglycoside vs regimens containing cephalosporin

Adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to discontinuation of therapy · women with PID

It is very uncertain whether regimens containing clindamycin plus aminoglycoside changes adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to… compared with regimens containing cephalosporin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review