Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,352 questions · 1,400 findings · 169 reviews

No studies found 309 · 22.1%GRADE not reported 115 · 8.2%Very low 350 · 25%Low 324 · 23.1%Moderate 240 · 17.1%High 62 · 4.4%

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Serious complications ‐ mastoid abscess measured at 12 weeks · people with CSOM; one study included patients of unknown age; one study included children with CSOM who had not responded to initial…

It is very uncertain whether systemic antibiotics changes serious complications ‐ mastoid abscess measured at 12 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics

Resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks · people (of any age) with CSOM

Systemic antibiotics showed no clear difference in resolution of ear discharge ‐ measured at 1 to 2 weeks compared with no treatment or placebo on top of topical antibiotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs 24 hours of antibiotics

Abdominal surgical site infection · people undergoing laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma

It is very uncertain whether single dose of antibiotics changes abdominal surgical site infection compared with 24 hours of antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs 24 hours of antibiotics

Intra‐abdominal infection · people undergoing laparotomy for penetrating abdominal trauma

It is very uncertain whether single dose of antibiotics changes intra‐abdominal infection compared with 24 hours of antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review