Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

8 questions · 8 findings · 2 reviews · Gut

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 4 · 50%Very low 1 · 12.5%Low 3 · 37.5%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Antibiotics vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with active Crohn's disease

Antibiotic showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.57, 1.29]
9 studies · 858 participants
Low

Antibiotics vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active UC

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 46 participants
GRADE not reported

Antibiotics vs probiotic

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active UC

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Antibiotics vs 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) (mesalazine)

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

Antibiotics vs no treatment

Withdrawals due to adverse events · of active and inactive people with ulcerative colitis

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
GRADE not reported

Antibiotics vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active UC

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.06 [0.27, 15.72]
8 studies · 691 participants
Low

Antibiotic with anti‐TNF vs placebo with anti‐TNF

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with active Crohn's disease

Antibiotic with anti‐TNF showed no clear difference in withdrawal due to adverse events compared with placebo with anti‐TNF (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.19, 3.45]
2 studies · 100 participants
Low

Antibiotics plus probiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active UC

It is very uncertain whether antibiotics plus probiotics changes withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.07, 15.08]
2 studies · 98 participants
Very low