It is very uncertain whether combination therapy changes serious adverse events compared with monotherapy (very low certainty).
Combination showed no clear difference in overall serious adverse events compared with single‐form nicotine replacement therapy (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether combination with potassium‐sparing diuretics changes serious adverse events compared with monotherapy (very low certainty).
Single inhaler therapy showed no clear difference in fatal serious adverse events compared with fixed dose ICS (moderate certainty).
Single inhaler therapy showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (non‐fatal) compared with fixed dose ICS (moderate certainty).
160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy showed no clear difference in fatal serious adverse events compared with current best practice (low certainty).
160/4.5 mcg BDF single inhaler therapy showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (non‐fatal) compared with current best practice (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether usual care changes serious adverse events compared with immunosuppressive withdrawal after combination therapy (very low certainty).
Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (moderate certainty).
Summary of findings: ACT showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with CQ (high certainty).
TDF showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with AZT (high certainty).
SiT for maintenance/relief showed no clear difference in patients with serious adverse events compared with higher‐dose ICS/LABA + SABA (moderate certainty).