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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

48 questions · 50 findings · 25 reviews

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No studies found 10 · 20%GRADE not reported 1 · 2%Very low 18 · 36%Low 13 · 26%Moderate 7 · 14%High 1 · 2%

Usual care with ivabradine vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Rate of serious adverse events · adults (≥ 18 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)
2 findings from 1 review

Usual care with ivabradine vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Rate of serious adverse events · patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
2 findings from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events (serious ‐ resulting in hospitalisation or death) · adults aged ≥ 18 years with a diagnosis of glenohumeral osteoarthritis who have not responded to non‐operative treatments
1 finding from 1 review

Methylphenidate vs placebo or no intervention

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events · Children and adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether methylphenidate changes proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylphenidate vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus doxycycline) · Children and adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether methylphenidate changes proportion of participants with one or more adverse events… compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recombinant zoster vaccine vs placebo

Participants with adverse events ‐ serious adverse events Clinical or laboratory criteria · healthy older adults aged ≥ 60 years

Recombinant zoster vaccine showed no clear difference in participants with adverse events ‐ serious adverse eventsClinical or… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Loratadine 10 mg vs placebo (4‐week intervention)

Primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse effects and serious adverse events throughout the study period · adults with eczema

Loratadine 10 mg/d showed no clear difference in primary outcome 2. Proportion of participants reporting adverse… compared with placebo (4‐week intervention) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review