Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

5 questions · 5 findings · 3 reviews · Drugs and Alcohol

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 2 · 40%Moderate 1 · 20%High 2 · 40%

Full opioid agonists vs different full opioid agonists or partial opioid agonists (methadone versus buprenorphine)

Retention [ · pharmaceutical opioid dependent people

Full opioid agonists may leads to higher retention compared with different full opioid agonists or partial opioid agonists (methadone… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Opioid agonist treatment for people who are dependent on pharmaceutical opioids 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.21 [1.02, 1.43]
4 studies · 379 participants
Low

Dihydrocodeine vs buprenorphine

Treatment retention Early dropout · individuals dependent on illicit opiates

Dihydrocodeine showed no clear difference in treatment retention Early dropout compared with buprenorphine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dihydrocodeine for detoxification and maintenance treatment in individuals with opiate use disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.29 [0.99, 1.68]
2 studies · 150 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Retention in treatment · People with opioid dependence.

The intervention leads to lower retention in treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.73, 0.95]
11 studies · 1391 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Retention in treatment · People with opioid dependence.

The intervention leads to higher retention in treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.82 [1.15, 2.9]
5 studies · 1001 participants
High

Full or partial opioid agonist maintenance vs placebo, detoxification only or psychological treatment (buprenorphine maintenance compared to taper or treatment

Retention in treatment · pharmaceutical opioid dependent people

Full or partial opioid agonist maintenance probably leads to higher retention: proportion of participants retained in treatment compared with placebo, detoxification only or psychological treatment… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Opioid agonist treatment for people who are dependent on pharmaceutical opioids 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.02 [1.73, 5.27]
4 studies · 333 participants
Moderate