What do systematic reviews say?

Any surgical or non-surgical technique or material used for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding vs Placebo, no treatment, or another active antifungal intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating post‐extraction bleeding 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  No data are available as no RCTs have been conducted on interventions to treat post-extraction bleeding
  0 studies
  No studies found

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy plus standard care (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse) vs Standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse)

• Interventions for treating bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Weekly (to 16 weeks)
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 42 participants
  GRADE not reported

Low‐level laser therapy vs Placebo (sham) laser therapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for iatrogenic inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury 2014 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF row 'Pain': This outcome was not reported in the included studies.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Orthodontic treatment with appliances inducing stable, permanent orthodontic tooth movement (splints worn 8 to 12 weeks and surgical interventions excluded) vs Control: no treatment, placebo, or reassurance

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Orthodontics for treating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At least 6 months after the intervention
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

Zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) vs Alvogyl (old formulation)

It is very uncertain whether zinc oxide eugenol changes pain (VAS 0-10) compared with alvogyl (old formulation) (very low certainty).

• Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Day 7
  MD 1.40 [1.04, 1.75]
  2 studies · 80 participants
  Very low

Alvogyl vs Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)

• Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Alvogyl versus platelet rich fibrin (Keshini 2020): single study (30 participants); no usable pooled estimate extracted
  1 study · 30 participants
  GRADE not reported

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs None (placebo or no treatment)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies
  No studies found

SaliCept (acemannan hydrogel) vs no treatment

• Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SaliCept (acemannan hydrogel) versus No treatment (Kaya 2011): data not usable (medians presented with error bars). Text reports differences in clinical signs and symptoms between control and all 3 treatment groups…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Alvogyl vs SaliCept (acemannan hydrogel)

• Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Alvogyl versus SaliCept (acemannan hydrogel) (Kaya 2011): data not usable (medians presented with error bars). Text reports differences in clinical signs and symptoms between control and all 3 treatment groups…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Alvogyl vs no treatment

• Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Alvogyl versus No treatment (Kaya 2011): data not usable (medians presented with error bars). Text reports differences in clinical signs and symptoms between control and all 3 treatment groups significant (P<0.05) at…
  1 study
  GRADE not reported

Advanced platelet rich fibrin (A-PRF) vs No active treatment (control)

Advanced platelet rich fibrin (A-PRF) led to lower pain (VAS cm) compared with control (no treatment); GRADE not reported.

• Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Days 1-7 (day 7 shown)
  MD -3.60 [-4.00, -3.20]
  1 study · 40 participants
  GRADE not reported

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) vs Alvogyl

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) showed no clear difference in pain (VAS cm) compared with alvogyl; GRADE not reported.

• Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Day 7 (also day 3)
  MD -0.40 [-1.77, 0.97]
  1 study · 44 participants
  GRADE not reported

Oral cyclobenzaprine (muscle relaxant) vs placebo

Oral cyclobenzaprine (muscle relaxant) showed no clear difference in jaw pain (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 weeks
  MD -1.30 [-2.67, 0.07]
  1 study · 41 participants
  GRADE not reported

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

Oral clonazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in jaw pain (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

• Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders 2010 · Cochrane All outcomes

  3 weeks
  MD -0.20 [-1.69, 1.29]
  1 study · 41 participants
  GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs No treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo splint)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with no treatment or placebo (non-occlusal or transparent-foil placebo… (very low certainty).

• Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (10 weeks) · Mixed TMD
  RR 0.13 [0.02, 0.94]
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care… (very low certainty).

• Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (1 month) · Mixed TMD
  MD -2.59 [-4.21, -0.97]
  1 study · 39 participants
  Very low

Occlusal splint vs Another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with another occlusal splint with a different mechanism of action (very low certainty).

• Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Long term (12 months) · Disc displacement with reduction (DDwR)
  RR 7.00 [0.41, 120.16]
  1 study · 20 participants
  Very low

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

• Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term (6 weeks) · Disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR)
  RR 0.85 [0.47, 1.57]
  1 study · 31 participants
  Very low

Occlusal splint vs Pharmacological therapy

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with pharmacological therapy (very low certainty).

• Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes

  Short term · Osteoarthritis / mixed TMD
  RR 1.87 [0.57, 6.07]
  1 study · 29 participants
  Very low

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
  0 studies
  No studies found