Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

268 questions · 274 findings · 96 reviews

No studies found 24 · 8.8%GRADE not reported 11 · 4%Very low 27 · 9.9%Low 66 · 24.1%Moderate 96 · 35%High 50 · 18.2%

Sunitinib vs IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with interferon‐α (IFN‐α) (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs atezolizumab (targeted therapy versus immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

It is very uncertain whether sunitinib changes overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with atezolizumab (targeted therapy versus immunotherapy) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bevacizumab + IFN vs IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Bevacizumab + IFN may leads to lower overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus + IFN‐α vs IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus + IFN‐α showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN‐α (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus + bevacizumab showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

It is very uncertain whether everolimus + bevacizumab changes overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib leads to higher overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus vs IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus probably leads to lower overall survival survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recombinant human adenovirus‐p53 and hydroxycamptothecin (rAd‐p53/HCT) vs hydroxycamptothecin

Overall survival Censored · participants with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether recombinant human adenovirus‐p53 and hydroxycamptothecin (rAd‐p53/HCT) changes overall survival Censored compared with hydroxycamptothecin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall survival Hazard ratio · patients with resectable thoracic esophageal cancer

The intervention probably leads to lower overall survival Hazard ratio (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review