Irinotecan probably leads to lower overall survival compared with non‐irinotecan‐containing regimens (moderate certainty).
It is very uncertain whether irinotecan changes overall survival ‐ Other comparisons compared with non‐irinotecan‐containing regimens (very low certainty).
Irinotecan showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ Additive comparisons compared with non‐irinotecan‐containing regimens (low certainty).
Irinotecan showed no clear difference in overall survival ‐ Substitutive comparisons compared with non‐irinotecan‐containing regimens (moderate certainty).
Various types of chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival ‐ FOLFIRINOX compared with gemcitabine (moderate certainty).
Chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (moderate certainty).
Chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with biological therapy (moderate certainty).
Chemmotherapy combined with biological therapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).
Biological therapy leads to lower overall survival compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (high certainty).
The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether extended changes overall survival (1‐year compared with standard lymph node resection (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether extended changes overall survival (3‐year compared with standard lymph node resection (very low certainty).
Summary of findings table: chemotherapy or targeted therapy agent(s)… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).
Summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with BSC (high certainty).
Summary of findings table (subcomparison 2): second‐line… probably leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).
Summary of findings table (subcomparison 3): chemotherapy agent(s)… probably leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (moderate certainty).
Summary of findings table (subcomparison 4): targeted therapy agent… leads to lower overall survival compared with control intervention alone (high certainty).
Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival among all patients compared with primary surgery (high certainty).
Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Stomach compared with primary surgery (high certainty).
Perioperative chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival by tumor site ‐ Esophagus compared with primary surgery (high certainty).