Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4 questions · 4 findings · 2 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 2 · 50%High 2 · 50%

Non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.01 [0.83, 1.22]
12 studies · 10009 participants
Moderate

Non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐fatal, serious adverse events (all) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.06 [0.99, 1.14]
19 studies · 20381 participants
High

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · adults, chronic asthma: all‐cause mortality

Regular formoterol and ICS showed no clear difference in all‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events compared with same‐dose ICS (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids with and without regular formoterol for asthma: serious adverse events 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1 [0.87, 1.16]
32 studies · 35751 participants
High

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · children and adolescents with chronic asthma

Regular formoterol and ICS showed no clear difference in all‐cause non‐fatal serious adverse events compared with same‐dose ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids with and without regular formoterol for asthma: serious adverse events 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.33 [0.71, 2.49]
10 studies · 4035 participants
Moderate