What do systematic reviews say?

Medical abortion administered by nurses vs by doctors

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Self‐administered medical abortion vs administered

Medical abortion self‐administered at home showed no clear difference in nausea compared with administered (low certainty).

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.09 [0.74, 1.61]
  3 studies · 1532 participants
  Low

Isopropyl alcohol vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Isopropyl alcohol vs Normal saline

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Isopropyl alcohol vs Normal saline

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Peppermint vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation

Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg showed no clear difference in gastrointestinal side effects (nausea and/or vomiting) compared with prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before… (low certainty).

• Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.67 [0.99, 2.83]
  1 study · 228 participants
  Low

Oral misoprostol vs vaginal misoprostol

Oral misoprostol may leads to higher nausea compared with vaginal misoprostol (low certainty).

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.14 [1.03, 1.26]
  2 studies · 1380 participants
  Low
• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.21 [0.92, 1.61]
  2 studies · 216 participants
  Low

Mifepristone (600 mg) plus prostaglandin vs mifepristone (200 mg) plus prostaglandin

Mifepristone (600 mg) plus prostaglandin showed no clear difference in nausea compared with mifepristone (200 mg) plus prostaglandin (moderate certainty).

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.95, 1.09]
  2 studies · 2432 participants
  Moderate

Sublingual misoprostol vs vaginal misoprostol

Sublingual misoprostol showed no clear difference in nausea compared with vaginal misoprostol (moderate certainty).

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.11 [0.93, 1.33]
  3 studies · 3543 participants
  Moderate

Mifepristone alone vs mifepristone (200 mg) plus prostaglandin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prostaglandin vs combined regimen

Prostaglandin alone showed no clear difference in nausea compared with combined regimen (low certainty).

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.74, 1.1]
  12 studies · 2722 participants
  Low

Sublingual misoprostol vs vaginal misoprostol

Sublingual misoprostol alone showed no clear difference in nausea compared with vaginal misoprostol alone (low certainty).

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.61 [0.78, 3.33]
  4 studies · 2505 participants
  Low

Misoprostol 800 µg plus mifepristone 200 mg vs mifepristone (200 mg) plus prostaglandin

Misoprostol 800 µg plus mifepristone 200 mg showed no clear difference in nausea compared with misoprostol 400 µg plus mifepristone 200 mg (moderate certainty).

• Medical methods for first trimester abortion 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.99 [0.94, 1.05]
  3 studies · 4424 participants
  Moderate

Vaginal misoprostol vs surgical evacuation of uterus

Vaginal misoprostol may leads to higher nausea compared with surgical evacuation of uterus (low certainty).

• Medical treatment for early fetal death (less than 24 weeks) 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 21.85 [1.31, 364.37]
  1 study · 154 participants
  Low

Vaginal misoprostol vs placebo

Vaginal misoprostol showed no clear difference in nausea compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Medical treatment for early fetal death (less than 24 weeks) 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.38 [0.43, 4.4]
  2 studies · 88 participants
  Low

Misoprostol vs surgery

Misoprostol may leads to higher nausea compared with surgery (low certainty).

• Medical treatments for incomplete miscarriage 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.5 [1.53, 4.09]
  11 studies · 3015 participants
  Low

Misoprostol vs expectant care

• Medical treatments for incomplete miscarriage 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Pregabalin 300 mg vs placebo

Summary of findings table ‐ Pregabalin 300 mg showed no clear difference in gastrointestinal side effects (nausea) compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.85 [0.33, 2.19]
  1 study · 107 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 800 mg vs placebo

Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 800 mg showed no clear difference in gastrointestinal side effects (nausea) compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.52 [0.53, 4.37]
  1 study · 61 participants
  Low